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National Geographic The Incredible Human Body
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Narrator: The human body... |
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206 bones...650 muscles... |
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A heart that will beat |
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Lungs that deliver breath |
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All superbly orchestrated |
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And billions of miles |
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In combinations that |
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100 trillion cells, |
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Every day it takes us |
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Pushing the frontiers, |
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Defying the boundaries |
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A basketball star redefines |
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PJ Brown: I think |
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you'd probably see our heart |
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Narrator: A childless couple challenges |
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Mark Sauer: |
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a 50-50 chance |
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but you just don't know going |
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Narrator: A schoolteacher |
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that lurks deep |
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Frederick Meyer: |
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The tumor's gonna kill him. |
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Lisa Toenies: |
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because I didn't know what |
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Narrator: These are the |
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but they take place |
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in realms we could never see. |
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But now we can. |
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Today, awesome new technology |
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allows us to peer inside |
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to see a brain think, |
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to discover |
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of the incredible human body. |
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Donald Coffey: |
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It's mind-boggling to see |
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how the whole system |
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The heart beats. The brain |
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Your eyes are capable of |
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and storing the light, |
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If you approached me |
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and said, "make me a system" |
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"that can retrieve that kind |
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"Put it with memory, for |
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This is an amazing |
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And it can all be stored |
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which can all come together and form |
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with each one of them |
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Narrator: |
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a new human being begins |
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every quarter of a second |
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To understand the amazing |
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we must begin at the beginning, |
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For some couples, |
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that seemingly commonplace |
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Today, reproductive science - |
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to the magic of nature-- |
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And here it will provide |
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into the beginning |
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Inez: My husband and I |
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and we...we were trying, |
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And it just dawned on us one day |
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that something |
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that I'm not getting pregnant, |
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Sauer: What I want to do |
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talking about in vitro |
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Narrator: Dr. Mark Sauer |
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but about once a week |
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will help to bring a baby |
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through in-vitro fertilization, |
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With dr. Sauer's help, |
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will have a 50-50 chance |
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IVF really is |
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even though |
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because it allows us |
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and create an embryo, |
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than what happens in nature. |
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Narrator: But unlike in nature, remarkable |
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will allow us to observe |
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in extraordinary detail. |
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Sauer: So we'll be seeing you |
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Inez: Okay. We're just |
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Woman: You can go ahead |
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and try it again maybe |
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Narrator: Inez begins a regime |
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that will stimulate her ovaries |
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to produce more than |
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Inez: Do it like this, |
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Woman: You'll wipe |
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...wipe with alcohol. |
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Like so, okay? |
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A little bit faster than that... |
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Yeah, like that. |
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Oh my god... |
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Narrator: It's time. |
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As hoped, many eggs are ready. |
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As she is put to sleep, |
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[Inez speaks] |
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Man: What was that? |
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Woman: She said, |
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Man: That's what |
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Sauer: We'll start |
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There's a lot of follicles. |
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You can see the needle tip |
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is a single cell - |
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barely visible to the eye. |
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Coffey: Most people have |
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If I crudely scrape |
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I have about 10,000 cells |
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These things are really small! |
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You can't see that |
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and yet, that can make a human. |
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Narrator: One by one, |
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When the safety |
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Darryl's semen is collected. |
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will filter out |
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the dead and less-healthy sperm. |
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Prosser: Okay, |
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It has not been processed. |
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And so, from this |
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with the post-processing sample. |
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You can see that the sample |
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almost all of the sperm |
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And they look like |
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Narrator: Dr. Prosser positions |
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And readies the single sperm |
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from a pool of hundreds. |
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the sperm is injected |
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and the critical moment |
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Like a great celestial director, |
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guiding sperm to another egg. |
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If this is the meeting |
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we are observing - |
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the first miracle of many |
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that will lead to |
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At this moment, |
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as genetic material from Inez's |
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are shuffled together. |
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Each contributes |
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strands of information |
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Like a microscopic |
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each chromosome carries genes |
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the most basic design element |
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Together, these molecules |
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the blueprint for |
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The human body, like a house, |
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rolled-up set of blueprints, |
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which is rolled up |
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and it's a DNA sequence, |
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it says "female;" |
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it says "about five foot eight |
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Narrator: The epic accomplishment |
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the codebook of human life - |
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of biological revelations. |
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Craig Venter is at the crest |
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Venter: A genome is our collection |
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It's a four-letter alphabet |
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and when we sequence the genome, |
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of roughly three billion |
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It's elegant in it's simplicity. |
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The genetic code |
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we substitute A, C, G, and T |
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We attach |
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one color for each of |
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It's like just solving |
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only the jigsaw puzzle has, in |
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So it came in a very big box |
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and there was no picture |
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Narrator: Putting the pieces |
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has provided knowledge |
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that will enhance the quality |
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and perhaps even extend it. |
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Coffey: We're at the |
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in a very powerful force. |
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There's some relationship |
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So if we can control |
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will we be able |
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Well, it's distant stuff, |
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Knowing the human genome, |
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is a major step forward |
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the making of this wonderful |
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Through the history of time, |
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the DNA sequence |
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through generation after |
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and now it continues |
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Narrator: Overnight, DNA from Inez's eggs |
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and 13 of the 27 eggs |
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that indicates success. |
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With exquisite grace, |
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two become four; each duplicates |
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The enchanted progression |
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For five days, |
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Finally, the division |
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known as blastocysts, |
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and any one |
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may become a part |
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Prosser: This embryo here... |
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If you look at the outer shell |
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it's very thin. |
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The embryo is getting ready |
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It's a very nice blastocyst. |
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The inner cell mass is going |
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what you normally think of |
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Arms, head, legs, toes, fingers. |
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And, actually, |
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is where you find |
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which are very much in the |
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that's going on right now. |
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Narrator: Embryonic stem cells stand |
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These magical |
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will eventually transform into |
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This extraordinary potential |
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has made isolating them one |
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Although a controversial one. |
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Dr. John Gearhart is at the |
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Gearhart: These cells |
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One is that if you |
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under certain |
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they will continue to form |
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So you can grow a room full |
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and they are undifferentiated |
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If you take some |
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and you put them out |
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in different kinds |
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these cells are capable |
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that are present |
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that are beating as a tissue. |
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Narrator: Once these were stem cells |
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Dr. Gearhart has directed their |
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now able to beat |
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Gearhart: It's always been |
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that someday we'd be able |
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that were either damaged |
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But we really never had the |
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Now we have in the laboratory, |
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virtually all the cell types |
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that are present |
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Coffey: They make a "you." |
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That's pretty powerful! |
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And I can |
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And understand |
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Now we're set up to answer |
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one of the first |
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about how a human is made. |
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Sauer: As we hoped, |
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And ready-to-transfer |
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of growth in the lab, |
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Inez's embryos |
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She is shown what might turn out |
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Sauer: Now, with |
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if I put in three, |
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may be as high as 40 |
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If that makes you overly nervous, |
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then I would suggest |
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which still gives you a very |
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What do you think |
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Ummmm... I think we'll |
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Okay. Okay. |
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Inez: At first, I was |
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I said, "Well, if one doesn't |
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And, you know, at the last minute |
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I said, "Well, |
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I mean, for the amount of things |
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to just do one was not |
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And then we started |
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"Wow, two's |
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So maybe... |
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Sauer: Now you wanna do... |
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Yeah, I'll do |
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I'll put in |
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Okay. |
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Bob, she wants |
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Narrator: The three embryos |
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and guided onto the lining |
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Sauer: There it goes... |
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Real well... This is what |
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I really think it's a 50-50 |
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Whether or not |
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we'll find out in about 10 days. |
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Inez: I didn't get, |
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because they said, you know, |
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there is a chance |
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might not be successful, |
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to really get |
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so I just kept it like that. |
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Narrator: |
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but it will be |
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27 eggs collected... |
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Five viable blastocysts... |
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the chance to be a mother. |
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Scott: Does that look right? |
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Okay, what about |
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Narrator: Much of what we know about |
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emerges when it is |
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Scott Toenies, a veteran |
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and football coach |
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is the victim |
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that have led |
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of a massive brain tumor. |
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Two months ago, Scott's tumor |
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as did the frequency |
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Often he would pass out. |
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If left untreated, Scott may |
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Scott: I had |
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And all of a sudden, |
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"We need to do something." |
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Narrator: |
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travel to |
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where high-risk brain surgery |
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The brain is a greedy organ. |
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While Scott's brain makes up |
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it consumes 20 percent |
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Floating within his skull, |
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contain 100 billion cells |
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and the eager connections |
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bring consciousness. |
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But if these connections are |
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the brain misfires |
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and electrical storms |
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Witner: Mr. Toenies? |
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Yes. |
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My job here today |
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Okay. |
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Okay? And they create a reference |
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Narrator: Knowing the exact |
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One wrong move in any direction |
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remove crucial brain cells, |
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Witner: And you're all set. |
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Narrator: The MRI scan shows |
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But it is essential to identify |
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the specific functions |
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and to do so |
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From these scans, |
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a startling 3-D visualization |
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is prepared for his surgeons. |
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This will enable them |
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as if his skull and brain |
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when I first came to Mayo, |
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I was doing some imaging, |
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and was talking |
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and showed him |
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of the brain and the tumor. |
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And he told me something |
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if I can see it, |
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What you can see, is that |
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So if I want |
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and then I want |
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and I want to move down, |
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that will move me down to |
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It's a totally different picture. |
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It's the same as walking inside a building, |
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Narrator: Scott and Lisa |
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who will perform |
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Meyer: |
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that's infiltrated through |
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to the part of the brain |
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that controls movement |
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and it's very close |
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And it's sitting within an area |
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that helps initiate and coordinates |
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We can see it starting... |
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this is the left |
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This is all tumor here, and |
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Okay. |
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Meyer: ...and here, and here. |
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Narrator: The image grimly reveals |
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Scott's tumor is in a |
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in the cerebrum, |
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thought to be |
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The massive tumor lies between |
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the crucial regions controlling |
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and it is perilously intertwined |
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To avert damage to these areas, |
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the surgeons |
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to speak to Scott as they work |
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and that means |
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through most of the operation. |
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It is his best chance |
| 00:24:01 |
Meyer: This is |
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I think it's |
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I mean, it's an awful decision |
| 00:24:11 |
How serious is it? |
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If he doesn't have successful |
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whatever that treatment |
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the tumor's going to kill him. |
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And he's a young man, |
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Lisa: Those words just hit me |
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The things that ran through |
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my family - and...is this gonna |
| 00:24:41 |
Narrator: |
| 00:24:43 |
and the big moment |
| 00:24:45 |
as she awaits the results |
| 00:24:51 |
I just want to let you know |
| 00:24:53 |
that your pregnancy test |
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...which is wonderful. |
| 00:25:00 |
Inez: Thank you. |
| 00:25:02 |
Well, give me a hug! |
| 00:25:05 |
Inez: Yes, I was surprised. Yeah |
| 00:25:10 |
Nobody looked sad or anything |
| 00:25:14 |
And I said, |
| 00:25:17 |
So that kind of |
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Everybody was like, you know, |
| 00:25:21 |
Too normal for me, you know, |
| 00:25:24 |
"I guess everything |
| 00:25:26 |
Inez: Hello? |
| 00:25:29 |
Mm... Hmm. Well, I got good news |
| 00:25:35 |
Why are you laughing? |
| 00:25:38 |
He said, "You're pregnant? |
| 00:25:47 |
Sauer: |
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because now we have |
| 00:25:51 |
It's real, it's a pregnancy, |
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That's what |
| 00:25:54 |
Watching this embryo |
| 00:25:58 |
and the fetus |
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is really the fun part |
| 00:26:07 |
Thorton: Now the first thing |
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is that right here |
| 00:26:11 |
Inez: Okay. |
| 00:26:13 |
Thorton: Okay? And you see the little |
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That's the heartbeat |
| 00:26:17 |
Inez: Can I get |
| 00:26:18 |
Thorton: I'm gonna give you |
| 00:26:21 |
Now, you have some... |
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You actually have two... |
| 00:26:27 |
There's one baby there, okay? |
| 00:26:30 |
And then you see |
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Let me get a nice view. |
| 00:26:36 |
Right there, you can see |
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See that? By the "x"? |
| 00:26:42 |
I hope that's good news. |
| 00:26:44 |
Yeah! |
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Inez: That was my first time |
| 00:26:49 |
So...that was, like, pretty |
| 00:26:57 |
You look at that |
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It's a living baby growing |
| 00:27:04 |
That's when it |
| 00:27:07 |
This is the |
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Gearhart: |
| 00:27:14 |
where all of a sudden the |
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is the circulatory system. |
| 00:27:19 |
You see |
| 00:27:20 |
The heart is in there beginning |
| 00:27:23 |
and it's very critical, because |
| 00:27:28 |
Without it's own |
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Narrator: At 22 days, |
| 00:27:34 |
no bigger than a poppy seed - |
| 00:27:39 |
Soon the embryo |
| 00:27:42 |
through the umbilical cord |
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for a fresh supply |
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Now just a simple tube, |
| 00:27:51 |
this heart will grow into |
| 00:27:54 |
able to beat |
| 00:27:59 |
In a 70-year lifespan, |
| 00:28:01 |
the human heart will beat |
| 00:28:04 |
which may explain why yogis like |
| 00:28:08 |
but in heartbeats. |
| 00:28:19 |
NBA players count the minutes |
| 00:28:22 |
And on this night, the aerobic |
| 00:28:25 |
are being put to severe test. |
| 00:28:29 |
They are competing in |
| 00:28:31 |
what will be the longest game |
| 00:28:33 |
a triple overtime |
| 00:28:35 |
even these top |
| 00:28:37 |
to push their bodies |
| 00:28:46 |
How do they do it? |
| 00:28:49 |
Charging down the court, |
| 00:28:51 |
over 30 quarts |
| 00:28:54 |
In that same minute, |
| 00:28:56 |
even the most excited spectator |
| 00:29:02 |
Hawkins: I think you feel |
| 00:29:05 |
especially if it's |
| 00:29:07 |
or if you have |
| 00:29:08 |
where you're up and down |
| 00:29:10 |
yeah, you can definitely |
| 00:29:12 |
and it feels like it's about |
| 00:29:17 |
Brown: I think |
| 00:29:20 |
or any one of my peers' body, |
| 00:29:22 |
and you compare a normal person, |
| 00:29:24 |
you'd probably just see our |
| 00:29:32 |
Narrator: Heartbeat |
| 00:29:34 |
and adjusted |
| 00:29:37 |
During exercise, when the |
| 00:29:41 |
messages are sent to speed up |
| 00:29:49 |
For the hornets, these last |
| 00:29:52 |
will tax their hearts |
| 00:29:58 |
Their coach summons |
| 00:30:01 |
for final instructions. |
| 00:30:17 |
Final score: |
| 00:30:23 |
Wesley: |
| 00:30:25 |
Um, I'm feeling |
| 00:30:27 |
Feeling a little |
| 00:30:29 |
My ankles hurt, my feet hurt, |
| 00:30:32 |
This is the agony of victory. |
| 00:30:39 |
Sigmon: I'm really impressed |
| 00:30:41 |
by what NBA players |
| 00:30:43 |
it's just incredible. |
| 00:30:45 |
I think they are the |
| 00:30:47 |
without a doubt. |
| 00:30:49 |
How they do it night in, |
| 00:30:55 |
They're running faster, |
| 00:30:57 |
because I think we're able |
| 00:31:00 |
It's doing things that we |
| 00:31:03 |
maybe 10, 20 years ago. |
| 00:31:10 |
Narrator: How does the human form |
| 00:31:15 |
We know the bodies of |
| 00:31:19 |
Are expertly tuned - |
| 00:31:20 |
his muscles accounting for more |
| 00:31:24 |
his bones many times stronger |
| 00:31:27 |
than a steel bar |
| 00:31:29 |
Together, they're trained |
| 00:31:47 |
But is it more than fitness that |
| 00:31:51 |
Scientists and athletes alike |
| 00:31:53 |
suspect that it is the |
| 00:31:56 |
that matters most. |
| 00:31:58 |
Mabloire: I feel that I've been |
| 00:32:01 |
that everything is just |
| 00:32:04 |
You know, I'm taking |
| 00:32:08 |
You know, eventually, |
| 00:32:13 |
Narrator: This endless |
| 00:32:16 |
creates much quicker |
| 00:32:20 |
It is as if extensive training |
| 00:32:26 |
Gage: A professional basketball |
| 00:32:29 |
in many ways is a genius |
| 00:32:32 |
they can run down the court, |
| 00:32:38 |
and see all the players at the |
| 00:32:42 |
in ways that people |
| 00:32:52 |
We're beginning |
| 00:32:54 |
the implications of the fact |
| 00:32:58 |
can influence the structure |
| 00:33:01 |
And very specifically, |
| 00:33:04 |
can actually increase the number |
| 00:33:15 |
Coffey: When you have a cell, |
| 00:33:19 |
this little thing puts out |
| 00:33:23 |
And as you watch it |
| 00:33:25 |
it's doing |
| 00:33:28 |
and it reaches out... gulp... |
| 00:33:30 |
And as soon as it |
| 00:33:31 |
it knows what it's touched, |
| 00:33:34 |
And then it begins |
| 00:33:36 |
so it can sense the periphery, |
| 00:33:39 |
your fingertips, |
| 00:33:44 |
and they all make their way |
| 00:33:47 |
And the brain is where |
| 00:33:51 |
are putting all this together. |
| 00:33:53 |
Says, "Now I can |
| 00:33:57 |
"Wow! I don't know |
| 00:34:00 |
I know that |
| 00:34:03 |
But how does that brain inside |
| 00:34:07 |
Some strange things |
| 00:34:10 |
So what the frontier, of course is, |
| 00:34:21 |
Duffy: Spell the word "man." |
| 00:34:23 |
M-A-N. |
| 00:34:25 |
Narrator: |
| 00:34:27 |
Scott is less than |
| 00:34:30 |
To give doctors |
| 00:34:32 |
of how |
| 00:34:35 |
he undergoes a series of basic |
| 00:34:40 |
Duffy: Say |
| 00:34:42 |
They raise good potatoes. |
| 00:34:43 |
Duffy: "Will you |
| 00:34:44 |
Will you answer the telephone? |
| 00:34:46 |
Duffy: |
| 00:34:47 |
"A glass of milk, |
| 00:34:50 |
I ordered a ham sandwich... |
| 00:34:53 |
And...a glass of milk. |
| 00:34:56 |
Penguin... |
| 00:34:58 |
Narrator: This knowledge |
| 00:35:00 |
to perceive change - |
| 00:35:03 |
as they talk to Scott |
| 00:35:09 |
And he could |
| 00:35:11 |
and do it and be over with it |
| 00:35:18 |
Scott: I need to be conscious |
| 00:35:21 |
I'm not sure exactly |
| 00:35:24 |
but that's very intimidating. |
| 00:35:31 |
Coffey: |
| 00:35:33 |
your eye has seen |
| 00:35:36 |
sounds you've heard? |
| 00:35:40 |
How in the world could you have |
| 00:35:44 |
and all of those images - |
| 00:35:48 |
or whatever |
| 00:35:50 |
and be able to retrieve it |
| 00:35:55 |
If I say "Saturn's rings," |
| 00:35:58 |
in the length of time it took |
| 00:36:02 |
to retrieve that? |
| 00:36:04 |
It is so astounding |
| 00:36:08 |
At how fast the brain works |
| 00:36:16 |
Narrator: How, and where, the brain |
| 00:36:20 |
has puzzled scientists |
| 00:36:23 |
Science is on the trail |
| 00:36:26 |
and an unexpected answer |
| 00:36:37 |
London's legendary taxi drivers |
| 00:36:40 |
are the Olympic athletes |
| 00:36:42 |
Navigating the intimidating labyrinth |
| 00:36:46 |
they must create |
| 00:36:54 |
Kelly: London |
| 00:36:57 |
It's a massive area, |
| 00:37:00 |
And it's grown up organically. |
| 00:37:04 |
So the streets bend, |
| 00:37:06 |
Osborne: I mean, |
| 00:37:08 |
Where on one side of the street |
| 00:37:12 |
And on the other side of the |
| 00:37:15 |
Lee: London wasn't laid out for |
| 00:37:19 |
It was laid out for |
| 00:37:22 |
And it's adapted |
| 00:37:24 |
So we've had to adapt to it |
| 00:37:29 |
Narrator: University of London |
| 00:37:33 |
found ideal subjects |
| 00:37:38 |
For 150 years, |
| 00:37:41 |
has had to pass a grueling exam, |
| 00:37:43 |
known to Londoners |
| 00:37:47 |
It takes most hopefuls |
| 00:37:50 |
giving researchers |
| 00:37:53 |
to look at how the brain |
| 00:37:55 |
to retain vast amounts |
| 00:37:59 |
Lee: I don't think there's |
| 00:38:01 |
where the cab drivers have to |
| 00:38:05 |
Man: Thanks, mate, |
| 00:38:08 |
Lee: When somebody gets |
| 00:38:10 |
they'll say, |
| 00:38:11 |
It's got to be like that, |
| 00:38:13 |
where you're going, |
| 00:38:16 |
So there's a lot of retention - |
| 00:38:18 |
you've got to retain a lot |
| 00:38:22 |
Narrator: Here are ordinary |
| 00:38:25 |
exercising their brains |
| 00:38:29 |
Scientists suspect that |
| 00:38:32 |
called the hippocampus - might be |
| 00:38:37 |
Frackowiac: The hippocampus is a part |
| 00:38:41 |
It's on the insides of what |
| 00:38:44 |
which are the parts of the brain |
| 00:38:46 |
just behind the bone there. |
| 00:38:48 |
It's two structures, |
| 00:38:50 |
critical for laying down |
| 00:38:54 |
Instructor: Now, run me |
| 00:38:57 |
Student: Leave by Waterloo Bridge, |
| 00:39:00 |
Narrator: If memory |
| 00:39:02 |
at the knowledge point school, |
| 00:39:05 |
surely give this part of |
| 00:39:09 |
Student: ...Lower Roberts Street... |
| 00:39:10 |
Student 2: ...right, um, |
| 00:39:12 |
...left Shaftsbury Avenue |
| 00:39:14 |
...right into |
| 00:39:16 |
Derek: Dave, give me the name of |
| 00:39:19 |
With a lady's name. |
| 00:39:20 |
Dave: Chutney Mary's |
| 00:39:21 |
Derek: Hereford Road - |
| 00:39:22 |
Student: veronica's. |
| 00:39:24 |
Derek: Denise, |
| 00:39:25 |
contains a restaurant |
| 00:39:28 |
Would that |
| 00:39:30 |
Derek: If I then said to you |
| 00:39:34 |
Zaffaren restaurant? |
| 00:39:38 |
It's very important, |
| 00:39:40 |
that you keep them in your mind |
| 00:39:45 |
That's it. Thank you for |
| 00:39:47 |
Anything we didn't note, |
| 00:39:50 |
Thank you very much. |
| 00:39:55 |
Narrator: After class, |
| 00:39:58 |
take to the streets. |
| 00:39:59 |
Since visual processing |
| 00:40:02 |
than all the other |
| 00:40:05 |
it is not surprising |
| 00:40:07 |
is an essential part |
| 00:40:10 |
You start off |
| 00:40:12 |
Then you have to learn |
| 00:40:20 |
With all the routes that you |
| 00:40:23 |
you couldn't possibly |
| 00:40:26 |
You have to get out |
| 00:40:28 |
in the rain, the cold, the snow. |
| 00:40:33 |
The brain is gradually gathering |
| 00:40:36 |
more and more |
| 00:40:40 |
As long as you keep remembering |
| 00:40:43 |
they will stay in your brain. |
| 00:40:47 |
Narrator: But how does the brain retain |
| 00:40:51 |
As the scientists suspected, |
| 00:40:54 |
may have a physical impact |
| 00:40:58 |
Their study concluded |
| 00:41:01 |
was, indeed, larger-than-average |
| 00:41:04 |
In fact, |
| 00:41:07 |
were seen in the drivers |
| 00:41:10 |
Smith: The hippocampus |
| 00:41:13 |
And what seems to be happening |
| 00:41:16 |
is that the spatial map |
| 00:41:21 |
and laying this down caused |
| 00:41:24 |
and grow, |
| 00:41:26 |
and that makes part |
| 00:41:31 |
Kelly: It's almost like |
| 00:41:32 |
you've somehow, somewhere |
| 00:41:34 |
you've created enough space |
| 00:41:38 |
a little bit of software. |
| 00:41:40 |
Osborne: You've got |
| 00:41:43 |
On a map in your head. |
| 00:41:45 |
You've built up a big picture |
| 00:41:49 |
and you can see the lines |
| 00:41:53 |
so that you can see |
| 00:41:59 |
Narrator: This study suggests something |
| 00:42:04 |
That the adult brain can |
| 00:42:07 |
according to the requirements |
| 00:42:11 |
Smith: I think |
| 00:42:13 |
Because it's shown |
| 00:42:15 |
that the hippocampus |
| 00:42:20 |
But what does it mean? |
| 00:42:21 |
It means that the hippocampus |
| 00:42:24 |
We say in science it's plastic, |
| 00:42:27 |
It actually can change shape. |
| 00:42:33 |
Lee: I definitely feel as if |
| 00:42:35 |
I've got a larger hippocampus |
| 00:42:37 |
In fact, it's been said. |
| 00:42:38 |
I've had people |
| 00:42:40 |
"I've noticed you've got" |
| 00:42:42 |
"a larger hippocampus |
| 00:42:44 |
It's quite interesting really |
| 00:42:46 |
because we just set out |
| 00:42:48 |
to learn it for our job. |
| 00:42:50 |
And now we're being told |
| 00:42:52 |
that we've exercised |
| 00:42:54 |
which is enlarged now |
| 00:42:58 |
it's going to be |
| 00:43:04 |
Narrator: If human existence |
| 00:43:06 |
can be described |
| 00:43:09 |
the implications of the study |
| 00:43:13 |
Once we wouldn'thave dared to dream |
| 00:43:16 |
our brains might possess |
| 00:43:19 |
Now we dream. |
| 00:43:23 |
to help restore |
| 00:43:25 |
Alzheimer's patients, and |
| 00:43:39 |
Mikkaela: I do know that |
| 00:43:42 |
And I know he's |
| 00:43:44 |
for a couple of days. |
| 00:43:47 |
And I know that |
| 00:43:50 |
how to read and write again, |
| 00:43:53 |
So I might have |
| 00:43:55 |
and teach him |
| 00:43:59 |
And I know that |
| 00:44:02 |
And my mom is too. |
| 00:44:06 |
Narrator: It's been a sleepless |
| 00:44:09 |
so being awake for surgery |
| 00:44:14 |
Lisa: Right now I just... |
| 00:44:17 |
where I want to |
| 00:44:19 |
just 'cause I know |
| 00:44:23 |
We know and we were told |
| 00:44:25 |
that he will be banged up |
| 00:44:28 |
But how long |
| 00:44:31 |
And how much is it going to be? |
| 00:44:38 |
I was calm |
| 00:44:42 |
I tried to follow |
| 00:44:44 |
and I knew I couldn't |
| 00:44:47 |
when he got into the pre-op. |
| 00:44:50 |
It's like I said "goodbye," |
| 00:44:53 |
what he would be like |
| 00:45:09 |
Scott: I'm very scared. There's |
| 00:45:13 |
It's to protect your brain. |
| 00:45:16 |
And then all of a sudden |
| 00:45:19 |
and go into your brain and |
| 00:45:24 |
You know, the thought that |
| 00:45:28 |
is gonna... I'm trustingmy head to be dug around in |
| 00:45:32 |
by this person... |
| 00:45:38 |
Narrator: Scott must remain absolutely |
| 00:45:42 |
which could last as long |
| 00:45:45 |
So his head |
| 00:45:50 |
The dots from |
| 00:45:53 |
allow surgeons to align |
| 00:45:56 |
with his actual brain. |
| 00:46:10 |
Scott is briefly put to sleep |
| 00:46:12 |
while his skull |
| 00:46:15 |
The doctors will soon wake him |
| 00:46:19 |
Meyer: First thing |
| 00:46:21 |
is we'll go ahead |
| 00:46:23 |
confirm the pre-central gyrus |
| 00:46:28 |
Narrator: Guided by |
| 00:46:30 |
to see where his eyes cannot, |
| 00:46:32 |
Dr. Meyer is able to close in |
| 00:46:37 |
Meyer: |
| 00:46:39 |
Looks like we're |
| 00:46:43 |
And anteriorly, |
| 00:46:45 |
just as you would predict. |
| 00:46:47 |
So the tumor |
| 00:46:49 |
from here, all the way |
| 00:46:52 |
And, of course, |
| 00:46:55 |
All right, we're gonna start |
| 00:46:59 |
Narrator: Electrical impulses will |
| 00:47:03 |
in the specific area |
| 00:47:05 |
allowing dr. Meyer |
| 00:47:08 |
without significant loss. |
| 00:47:11 |
A few millimeters to the left |
| 00:47:14 |
a few millimeters to the right |
| 00:47:18 |
Meyer: On... |
| 00:47:20 |
Scott: Numb...numb... |
| 00:47:21 |
Soo: Numbness of the arm... |
| 00:47:22 |
There's a jerk |
| 00:47:25 |
Meyer: |
| 00:47:27 |
of his arm, his hand, his |
| 00:47:31 |
And it's always amazing, |
| 00:47:33 |
that such a little part of |
| 00:47:37 |
sort of a miraculous thing. |
| 00:47:45 |
Narrator: It will be hours |
| 00:47:51 |
Lisa: I could sit for maybe |
| 00:47:54 |
but then I would have |
| 00:47:57 |
I tried to keep myself occupied |
| 00:48:00 |
I kept looking at my watch |
| 00:48:10 |
Narrator: As dr. Meyer |
| 00:48:13 |
dr. Duffy keeps a vigil |
| 00:48:15 |
to verify that language |
| 00:48:17 |
Duffy: "Please sit down." |
| 00:48:18 |
Scott: Please sit down. |
| 00:48:19 |
"They raise good potatoes." |
| 00:48:21 |
They raise |
| 00:48:23 |
"Will you answer the telephone?" |
| 00:48:24 |
Will you answer the telephone? |
| 00:48:26 |
Scott: Acorn...whoa, my leg, |
| 00:48:29 |
Duffy: Your leg? |
| 00:48:31 |
Scott: ...My leg, my leg... |
| 00:48:34 |
Duffy: He feels |
| 00:48:37 |
Meyer: Okay. |
| 00:48:38 |
Duffy: |
| 00:48:40 |
Scott: w-A-T-C-H. |
| 00:48:43 |
Duffy: The word "yellow." |
| 00:48:44 |
Scott: Y-E-Yell... |
| 00:48:52 |
Meyer: Is everything okay? |
| 00:48:54 |
Soo: The right leg is getting |
| 00:48:57 |
Scott: That one |
| 00:48:59 |
Meyer: A lot or a little? |
| 00:49:01 |
Scott: A lot. |
| 00:49:02 |
Soo: It's about moderate. |
| 00:49:05 |
Meyer: Okay, so we'll stop |
| 00:49:08 |
Your speech is just fine, |
| 00:49:13 |
But we're not gonna resect any |
| 00:49:17 |
For what it's worth, Scott, |
| 00:49:18 |
We're getting a very big |
| 00:49:20 |
Scott: Okay. |
| 00:49:22 |
Meyer: I think |
| 00:49:24 |
we're gonna really probably |
| 00:49:27 |
And I don't think |
| 00:49:29 |
If I were in your shoes, |
| 00:49:36 |
Meyer: What patients go through |
| 00:49:39 |
It's an awful experience. |
| 00:49:44 |
"Gosh, this was in me |
| 00:49:48 |
Duffy: Can you see that? |
| 00:49:49 |
Scott: Yes, I can. |
| 00:49:52 |
That's the tumor. |
| 00:49:54 |
Cool. Okay... |
| 00:49:56 |
Okay? All right. |
| 00:50:11 |
Meyer: Ah, there you are. |
| 00:50:15 |
Everything went as well |
| 00:50:18 |
It looks like |
| 00:50:22 |
which is better than I thought |
| 00:50:25 |
In terms of his function, um, |
| 00:50:27 |
I think it's sort of as |
| 00:50:31 |
His language is fine. |
| 00:50:33 |
Lisa: I was very nervous when |
| 00:50:37 |
Because I was expecting |
| 00:50:43 |
But as he kept talking, it kept |
| 00:50:48 |
Got a little bit |
| 00:50:52 |
Meyer: We would never say |
| 00:50:55 |
but, I think, in terms |
| 00:50:58 |
I think what we did today |
| 00:51:00 |
has given him a good shot |
| 00:51:07 |
Meyer: Okay? Okay, |
| 00:51:26 |
Lisa: I was scared to see him, |
| 00:51:30 |
I walked around the corner slow |
| 00:51:32 |
because I knew what was ahead, |
| 00:51:37 |
I expected his face |
| 00:51:40 |
and on oxygen |
| 00:51:46 |
but when I saw him, I was, like, |
| 00:51:59 |
Hey, you... |
| 00:52:01 |
You made it. |
| 00:52:03 |
Scott: What I'm feeling right |
| 00:52:10 |
A little headache? |
| 00:52:11 |
Yeah. |
| 00:52:12 |
Lisa: He sounded very good. |
| 00:52:14 |
He squeezed my hand |
| 00:52:17 |
for having some weakness |
| 00:52:22 |
Narrator: Having come |
| 00:52:25 |
Scott is able to speak and move. |
| 00:52:28 |
Without awake surgery |
| 00:52:30 |
and the images that rendered |
| 00:52:33 |
the result might have been |
| 00:52:38 |
Lisa: It's good |
| 00:52:41 |
you know... it's been hard |
| 00:52:45 |
Lisa: I love you. |
| 00:52:46 |
I love you, too. |
| 00:52:57 |
Narrator: |
| 00:52:59 |
Scott returns to teaching |
| 00:53:02 |
Someday, his children's |
| 00:53:06 |
where the leaps of science that |
| 00:53:09 |
surpassed by new ones |
| 00:53:15 |
Coffey: Each time a tool |
| 00:53:19 |
it expands what we can do. |
| 00:53:21 |
It's like the internet; |
| 00:53:24 |
So what I have seen happen in my |
| 00:53:30 |
is the change from a horse and |
| 00:53:35 |
The computer changes are minor |
| 00:53:38 |
change in |
| 00:53:43 |
Narrator: |
| 00:53:45 |
This understanding |
| 00:53:48 |
lives that quickly reveal |
| 00:53:51 |
Born prematurely |
| 00:53:54 |
Kayla and Kasim Pearson |
| 00:53:57 |
spend their first weeks |
| 00:53:59 |
but soon grow |
| 00:54:06 |
Coffey: Is it magic? |
| 00:54:10 |
It's like when you hold |
| 00:54:14 |
You could say, "oh, this is |
| 00:54:17 |
Wait a minute - |
| 00:54:20 |
This goes beyond |
| 00:54:24 |
Where in here does something |
| 00:54:30 |
A human, when it |
| 00:54:33 |
makes something that's more than |
| 00:54:37 |
And that something |
| 00:54:39 |
is the ability to store |
| 00:54:42 |
to create, and |
| 00:54:47 |
This is the mystery |
| 00:54:53 |
We do not know |
| 00:54:57 |
Everything we think |
| 00:55:00 |
to what a human can do |
| 00:55:03 |
Is proven to be wrong. |
| 00:55:06 |
And this just means the |
| 00:55:09 |
can be overcome. |
| 00:55:15 |
Captioning converted to subtitles |
| 00:55:20 |
Corrected by m06166. |
