One Day in September
|
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A morning like any other in Munich... |
00:00:38 |
...a city where tradition and modernity |
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This summer our beautiful city |
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...to the 20th Olympic Games. |
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There, in the center of the future |
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Next to it, |
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For many visitors, |
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We're sure that you'll agree. |
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Well, nobody could foresee |
00:01:21 |
From the wires |
00:01:24 |
Good afternoon. |
00:01:27 |
Another deadline |
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They had their hands tied in front of |
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Quite a frightening experience. |
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It wasn't anyJames Bond,: |
00:01:38 |
- I just want to know what happened. |
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The deadline appears, to us, |
00:01:44 |
- Unbelievable. |
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...an attempt might be made |
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Behind them was an Arab guerilla |
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All seems to be... |
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It was only a year and three months |
00:02:23 |
...but it made such |
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...sometimes it looks |
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I went fencing, and he happened |
00:02:36 |
I didn't know |
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He spoke Dutch, |
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...so I thought he maybe is from |
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Ankie Spitzer... |
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He had something about him |
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He was very much |
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...and also with |
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It was very attractive |
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I was not so at peace |
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...and certainly not with myself. |
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Being the person that he was, it was |
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I am a member |
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...which fled our village in Galilee |
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As refugees, my family moved from |
00:03:41 |
...before finally ending up |
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When I was growing up, I thought |
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...unless we returned to Palestine. |
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If we didn't return, |
00:03:59 |
...as a refugee deprived of |
00:04:05 |
So I joined |
00:04:08 |
...and was given a gun |
00:04:10 |
For the first time in my life I felt |
00:04:14 |
...that I wasn't |
00:04:19 |
...but a revolutionary |
00:04:33 |
I joined the revolution |
00:04:37 |
- Which revolution? |
00:04:41 |
It has affected the course |
00:04:45 |
You have only to look at the way |
00:04:49 |
...so many years later, |
00:05:01 |
We lived in the northern border |
00:05:04 |
...and it was way out in nowhere. |
00:05:07 |
They decided to have |
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He was going from town to town, |
00:05:17 |
...to try to teach the youngsters... |
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...through the art of fencing, |
00:05:22 |
...because fencing |
00:05:25 |
You have a weapon in your hand. |
00:05:28 |
If you attack him right, |
00:05:31 |
But he tried |
00:05:34 |
...how to channel that aggression... |
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...into respect for your opponent. |
00:05:44 |
It was very tough living there, but I |
00:05:48 |
...as the most beautiful |
00:06:17 |
I did a few tours of duty |
00:06:24 |
...and then the leadership sent us |
00:06:38 |
The training was hard and advanced. |
00:06:42 |
We were there for about one month. |
00:06:51 |
It seemed to me we were |
00:07:02 |
We began to get a feeling that |
00:07:10 |
He dreamt always to be once |
00:07:13 |
Years before, |
00:07:15 |
...he said that he was thinking |
00:07:19 |
1972 Israeli Olympic Squad... |
00:07:20 |
...because, I think, for every athlete, |
00:07:26 |
For Andre and the rest |
00:07:28 |
...the 1972 Olympics held |
00:07:32 |
...because they were held in Munich, |
00:07:39 |
There was a feeling that this was |
00:07:43 |
...to be coming and attending... |
00:07:45 |
...and therefore their presence |
00:07:48 |
...certainly their presence |
00:07:50 |
...when their team marched under the flag |
00:07:53 |
...were very emotional moments. |
00:08:15 |
The Germans saw the games |
00:08:19 |
...the negative memories many still had |
00:08:23 |
...which had been misused by the Nazis |
00:08:39 |
Twenty-seven years |
00:08:42 |
Munich was the ideal opportunity |
00:08:45 |
...the new democratic face |
00:09:24 |
The friendliness was in overdrive. |
00:09:26 |
It was a massive attempt, |
00:09:29 |
Gerald Seymour |
00:09:31 |
...to appear open and modern |
00:09:38 |
To help promote this new |
00:09:42 |
...security was kept deliberately lax. |
00:09:44 |
Police were banned |
00:09:46 |
...and in their place were |
00:09:51 |
...clad in specially designed outfits. |
00:09:54 |
Jacov Springer |
00:09:55 |
Jacov Springer |
00:09:56 |
But for some of the Israeli team, |
00:10:02 |
My father, he was five times |
00:10:06 |
Five times is a special thing. |
00:10:13 |
He was born in Poland in 1921. |
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His father was from Germany |
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...and thought that because he's speaking |
00:10:24 |
Alex Springer... |
00:10:26 |
So all the family stayed in Poland |
00:10:29 |
...but my father ran to Russia. |
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He didn't want to stay because he was |
00:10:36 |
And all the family... |
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...his brothers, sisters |
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...were killed in Poland. |
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He was the only one who survived. |
00:10:59 |
Thirty-six years |
00:11:02 |
Dachau, the first of the concentration |
00:11:05 |
...for an Olympic memorial service. |
00:11:11 |
The Israeli team |
00:11:13 |
...along with competitors |
00:11:17 |
Dachau is just six miles |
00:11:27 |
I think it was very difficult |
00:11:30 |
...of his family |
00:11:34 |
I think he felt this. |
00:11:38 |
But maybe it was also |
00:11:42 |
...to show something to the Germans... |
00:11:44 |
...that " Here I am, coming back |
00:11:48 |
...and you... |
00:11:51 |
...you couldn't really destroy me." |
00:12:36 |
Spitz is still holding them off. |
00:12:39 |
Down on the near side is... But Spitz is |
00:12:46 |
Mark Spitz, USA. |
00:13:07 |
And that is the whistle anyway, |
00:13:10 |
...have kept their unbeaten record |
00:13:14 |
The referee says there's |
00:13:18 |
The only way they're going to score |
00:13:22 |
And they got it! |
00:13:25 |
I do not believe it. |
00:13:29 |
Victory for the USSR |
00:13:38 |
Absolutely fantastic. |
00:14:09 |
Myself and two others traveled |
00:14:12 |
...two days before the operation. |
00:14:21 |
We went to a hotel which the |
00:14:27 |
There we met up with |
00:14:31 |
...another group of three and two leaders |
00:14:42 |
The following day my friend and I... |
00:14:46 |
...went to a couple of volleyball games |
00:14:51 |
We still had not been told what |
00:15:11 |
After one of the competitions he said, |
00:15:15 |
I'm going over |
00:15:18 |
I, coming from Holland, said, |
00:15:21 |
They are from Lebanon. |
00:15:23 |
Israel was in a state of war |
00:15:25 |
He said, "Ankie, that's exactly what |
00:15:28 |
Here I can go to them and talk to them. |
00:15:33 |
So he went over and he asked |
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...and I'm from Israel, |
00:15:39 |
To my big amazement, I saw |
00:15:43 |
...and they shook hands with him |
00:15:46 |
Ankie Spitzer... |
00:15:47 |
...and they asked him about his results. |
00:15:49 |
I'll never forget when he turned |
00:15:53 |
...with this huge smile |
00:15:56 |
"You see? This is what |
00:16:03 |
After ten days, Andre's fencers |
00:16:07 |
...and he and Ankie traveled to Holland |
00:16:11 |
...whom they had left |
00:16:21 |
The next morning at 10:00, |
00:16:26 |
He woke up a little bit late. |
00:16:28 |
We got to the train station, |
00:16:31 |
I was desperate because I thought |
00:16:34 |
...when he gets back to Munich because |
00:16:38 |
He said, |
00:16:40 |
I said, " No, let's try the other |
00:16:45 |
So we raced to the next station... |
00:16:49 |
...and in Eindhoven in Holland, |
00:16:52 |
Without a ticket. |
00:16:55 |
I still remember me |
00:16:58 |
...and he left. |
00:17:00 |
And that was the last time |
00:17:10 |
On the night of September 4, |
00:17:14 |
...the Israeli delegation was enjoying |
00:17:18 |
...watching Fiddler on the Roof. |
00:17:21 |
They returned to the village |
00:17:36 |
The night of the operation... |
00:17:39 |
...we went to the restaurant |
00:17:48 |
There we met with the chief |
00:17:51 |
...who for the first time told us |
00:17:57 |
I felt very proud... |
00:18:01 |
...that for the first time I was able |
00:18:14 |
Our passports and belongings |
00:18:19 |
...so there wouldn't be any clue |
00:18:25 |
Then we all went to the village. |
00:18:58 |
As we were climbing |
00:19:00 |
...we ran into a group |
00:19:02 |
...who were sneaking in |
00:19:06 |
I remember they were drunk. |
00:19:09 |
The funny thing is that we actually |
00:19:16 |
I held my hand out... |
00:19:17 |
...and we lifted one |
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We said thank you and good-bye. |
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With the help of members |
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...the terrorist leaders had entered |
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...in the days prior |
00:19:41 |
Now they headed straight |
00:19:45 |
We headed towards the building. |
00:19:47 |
Each of us |
00:19:51 |
...filled with weapons, |
00:19:54 |
Each of us was given |
00:19:58 |
My job was to guard the outside of |
00:20:14 |
The Israelis were |
00:20:17 |
Apartment one |
00:20:20 |
The terrorists went there first. |
00:20:26 |
As they broke in, wrestling coach Moshe |
00:20:30 |
...but he was shot and wounded. |
00:20:33 |
The leader went |
00:20:37 |
...but didn't realize there was |
00:20:43 |
He was attacked full force |
00:20:48 |
Another member of our group panicked |
00:20:57 |
The terrorists demanded that |
00:21:00 |
...show them where the rest |
00:21:03 |
At gunpoint, he led them |
00:21:06 |
...which housed |
00:21:08 |
...to apartment three, which contained |
00:21:13 |
Weinberger calculated that |
00:21:16 |
...of overpowering the terrorists. |
00:21:22 |
I got out of bed and went outside... |
00:21:24 |
...only to find myself |
00:21:29 |
...wearing a balaclava hood |
00:21:35 |
The terrorists were already holding |
00:21:39 |
Now, weight lifter David Berger, |
00:21:43 |
...saying, |
00:21:46 |
But a gunman understands and jabs |
00:21:51 |
...ordering him towards the exit |
00:21:58 |
And that's how |
00:22:06 |
My friends are behind me |
00:22:10 |
I feel in a bit of a daze |
00:22:13 |
...another terrorist ahead of me, |
00:22:18 |
Suddenly the reality |
00:22:22 |
As I get closer, |
00:22:28 |
But as he's giving me the order... |
00:22:31 |
I push his Kalashnikov aside |
00:22:40 |
He shoots two or three rounds at me. |
00:22:43 |
But I don't think |
00:22:46 |
I run for about 70 meters... |
00:22:49 |
...and then jump over the village fence |
00:22:54 |
As Gad Zabari ran away... |
00:22:56 |
...the already wounded Moshe Weinberger |
00:23:01 |
He was shot and killed. |
00:23:03 |
We had no orders to kill. |
00:23:07 |
We were forced to |
00:23:14 |
I heard some shots, |
00:23:18 |
...and then I realized |
00:23:21 |
...has been thrown out |
00:23:24 |
...to the pavement. |
00:23:26 |
He was naked, |
00:23:31 |
Shmuel Lalkin |
00:23:32 |
And I saw that he was dead |
00:23:35 |
This was when I thought |
00:24:14 |
This is ABC. |
00:24:16 |
I'm Jim McKay speaking to you live, |
00:24:18 |
...from ABC headquarters, |
00:24:21 |
The Olympics of serenity |
00:24:24 |
...the Germans didn't want them to be: |
00:24:30 |
I had the first telephone call |
00:24:33 |
Dan Shilon |
00:24:35 |
...this morning at 6:00, |
00:24:39 |
...and one of the Israelis |
00:24:41 |
His name is Moshe Weinberger... |
00:24:43 |
IsraeliJournalist... |
00:24:44 |
...and I saw his body carried out |
00:24:50 |
That body was smashed... |
00:24:53 |
...which means he was killed |
00:24:56 |
...not by a regular gun. |
00:25:04 |
I was sleeping. |
00:25:05 |
My parents came to wake me up, |
00:25:07 |
"We just heard on the radio |
00:25:10 |
...at the Israeli quarters |
00:25:12 |
They killed one of the Israelis, |
00:25:16 |
I know there was no boxing coach, |
00:25:20 |
I thought, if it is not the |
00:25:23 |
Maybe it's Andre. |
00:25:25 |
How many Israelis are they |
00:25:28 |
Around 16, 17. |
00:25:31 |
Thirteen members of the Israeli team |
00:25:34 |
There are nine hostages. |
00:25:38 |
Nobody could tell me |
00:25:42 |
...if he was one of the hostages, |
00:25:46 |
Nobody could tell me. |
00:25:50 |
When I arrived on the scene, |
00:25:55 |
...who was talking to a man |
00:26:02 |
He was Issa, |
00:26:08 |
Issa expressed his demands |
00:26:12 |
He was very cool |
00:26:15 |
...clearly fanatical |
00:26:24 |
The terrorists handed |
00:26:28 |
In it they demanded the release of |
00:26:32 |
...from jails in Israel, |
00:26:36 |
If this was not done |
00:26:39 |
...the hostages would be executed. |
00:26:48 |
And you have until 12:00? |
00:26:50 |
They said that at 12:00 |
00:26:55 |
I certainly took it seriously because |
00:26:58 |
...where always two or three |
00:27:02 |
...and the leader of the terrorists |
00:27:05 |
Walther Tröger |
00:27:07 |
So I had to take it seriously. |
00:27:08 |
When he was discussing with me, |
00:27:18 |
Somebody's going inside. |
00:27:21 |
The negotiators knew nothing |
00:27:24 |
...except what they saw. |
00:27:26 |
Three were visible |
00:27:28 |
Issa, the leader, his face blackened |
00:27:31 |
Tony, second in command, usually at the |
00:27:35 |
And another man |
00:27:41 |
Issa told the negotiators... |
00:27:42 |
...that a second Israeli |
00:27:45 |
...while trying to overpower |
00:27:47 |
The terrorist leader refused |
00:27:51 |
...or allow his body |
00:27:53 |
...until all the political prisoners |
00:27:59 |
My camera crew and I ended up, |
00:28:03 |
Iooking down |
00:28:05 |
...very quiet. |
00:28:09 |
Gerald Seymour |
00:28:10 |
And in a sense, you were looking down |
00:28:19 |
We opened up all the radios |
00:28:22 |
...to get some information. |
00:28:24 |
Then at 9:00 in the morning, I found out |
00:28:29 |
The men in the room: |
00:28:30 |
The men in the room: |
00:28:32 |
...an Israeli weight lifter |
00:28:34 |
David Berger, 26 years old, |
00:28:38 |
Ziev Friedman, another 26-year-old |
00:28:43 |
These strong men sitting helpless |
00:28:47 |
Eliezer Halfin, 24 years old, |
00:28:52 |
Mark Slavin is 18 years old, |
00:28:55 |
The others are officials, |
00:28:59 |
Andre Spitzer, Kehat Shorr |
00:29:10 |
We have a situation. |
00:29:12 |
In Israel, the population awoke |
00:29:15 |
Demand the release of some 200 Arabs |
00:29:19 |
The Israeli government |
00:29:21 |
...that in line with their policy, no deals |
00:29:27 |
Golda Meir |
00:29:29 |
If we should give in, |
00:29:33 |
...can feel that his life is safe. |
00:29:37 |
It's blackmail of the worst kind. |
00:29:51 |
At this time I was the aide-de-camp |
00:29:57 |
And the minister |
00:30:00 |
General Ulrich K. Wegener... |
00:30:01 |
He wanted to see the Minister |
00:30:03 |
...because he was responsible. |
00:30:05 |
We are a federal state. |
00:30:07 |
So they talked to each other and they |
00:30:13 |
In terms of the politicians |
00:30:17 |
...they looked to me as if |
00:30:20 |
...as if they basically did not understand, |
00:30:25 |
...and two, the mind-set of the people |
00:30:33 |
The Palestinians that one saw, |
00:30:36 |
...that they were in charge |
00:30:45 |
When it became clear to me |
00:30:50 |
I said to the leader: |
00:30:51 |
"You know our recent history... |
00:30:55 |
...what was done to theJews |
00:31:00 |
You must understand, this makes the |
00:31:05 |
I said "Why don't you let them go |
00:31:14 |
But he refused. |
00:31:21 |
Acting on behalf of both the Federal |
00:31:29 |
I offered the terrorists |
00:31:34 |
...in exchange for the hostages. |
00:31:36 |
This offer was rejected. |
00:31:38 |
They said, "It is not a question of |
00:31:41 |
...but only of the 200 prisoners." |
00:31:44 |
PeterJennings is inside |
00:31:47 |
...and is observing this |
00:31:50 |
Jim, I am almost directly... |
00:31:53 |
...over the Israeli building. |
00:31:55 |
It will be a famous number before long. |
00:31:58 |
It's on Connollystrasse. |
00:32:01 |
It does appear to be confirmed... |
00:32:03 |
...though anything confirmed today |
00:32:07 |
...that these guerrillas are from one |
00:32:11 |
...a group called Black September. |
00:32:19 |
Continuous delegations go forward. |
00:32:22 |
People here are waiting, |
00:32:25 |
...the mood becoming more tense. |
00:32:28 |
They had set a deadline of noon... |
00:32:30 |
...which is just an hour |
00:32:32 |
...saying that they were going to kill |
00:32:42 |
There were other people involved. |
00:32:44 |
A friend of mine was a member |
00:32:49 |
...and he also came to negotiate. |
00:32:54 |
My overall impression was that |
00:32:59 |
...in the possibility |
00:33:03 |
In my opinion, from a political |
00:33:11 |
I thought and still think that |
00:33:17 |
...their whole athletic team be killed |
00:33:21 |
I tried to explain these things |
00:33:25 |
...but he was very skeptical |
00:33:32 |
Israel remained adamant that no deal |
00:33:36 |
...but to buy time, |
00:33:40 |
...saying they were still awaiting |
00:33:43 |
They begged the terrorist leader |
00:33:48 |
Issa responded only |
00:33:50 |
...one Israeli would be shot |
00:33:54 |
...that their demands remained unmet. |
00:33:58 |
We were, I think, a little bit naive. |
00:34:05 |
The German government |
00:34:08 |
...they could negotiate with terrorists. |
00:34:10 |
They were thinking |
00:34:13 |
...and convince them |
00:34:18 |
But there was no way. |
00:34:32 |
So the time to get close |
00:34:37 |
"It's almost noon. |
00:34:41 |
It was like dying |
00:34:46 |
A matter of seconds before |
00:34:50 |
...the negotiators persuaded Issa |
00:34:54 |
The deadline now is 5:00 |
00:34:59 |
It is now 1:25 here in Munich. |
00:35:01 |
It's about three and a half hours |
00:35:11 |
Israeli Olympic Committee in Jerusalem |
00:35:15 |
...as being Josef Romano, a 31-year-old |
00:35:30 |
I can't believe it for one second |
00:35:36 |
Yesterday I received a cassette... |
00:35:39 |
...where he said, " HappyJewish |
00:35:43 |
...his brothers, the children... |
00:35:45 |
A lot of people I meet |
00:35:49 |
Schlomit Romano... |
00:35:51 |
...when they hear about me |
00:35:53 |
...ofJosef Romano from München... |
00:35:58 |
...they say, "Oh, you know, |
00:36:02 |
I admired your father, |
00:36:06 |
All the time I hear new stories |
00:36:11 |
...about my father. |
00:36:13 |
That's how I know him. |
00:36:16 |
Of course, not enough. |
00:36:18 |
Like, I can't imagine his voice. |
00:36:26 |
I can't imagine him |
00:36:59 |
They letJosef Romano die, bleeding to |
00:37:04 |
...as a warning if anybody tried to grab |
00:37:09 |
...this would be their lot. |
00:37:11 |
Nobody has the right to do that. |
00:37:21 |
In a way, I didn't like Issa |
00:37:25 |
...but I could have liked him |
00:37:32 |
He was not violent. I would have |
00:37:36 |
Not his compatriots and partners. |
00:37:38 |
Walther Tröger |
00:37:40 |
They were like... |
00:37:41 |
Galgenvogel. |
00:37:43 |
But Issa was different from them. |
00:37:50 |
We were not only negotiating |
00:37:54 |
We also were... |
00:37:57 |
...but we were also going into the grounds |
00:38:00 |
I said, |
00:38:02 |
He said, "We are sorry for you. |
00:38:05 |
But you offered us a showcase... |
00:38:08 |
...and we have to use this showcase |
00:38:12 |
...to so many millions or even billions |
00:38:17 |
...who are watching |
00:38:19 |
Mark Spitz, |
00:38:22 |
...who won seven gold medals |
00:38:24 |
...was placed under heavy guard |
00:38:28 |
Within hours, Spitz was hustled out |
00:38:32 |
Spitz is a Jew, and it was feared |
00:38:38 |
Spontaneous demonstrations condemning |
00:38:42 |
There was outrage that the Olympic ideal |
00:38:46 |
...had been so shamelessly destroyed. |
00:38:50 |
But as the day progressed, there was |
00:38:55 |
...directed at the International |
00:38:57 |
...for refusing to halt the Games |
00:39:02 |
The Olympic Committee |
00:39:05 |
Very arrogant. |
00:39:07 |
They felt something terrible happened, |
00:39:12 |
Willi Daume, head of |
00:39:15 |
...has announced that the Olympics |
00:39:17 |
As of this hour, the Olympics, the Games |
00:41:13 |
This is a live shot |
00:41:16 |
And we're moving in now |
00:41:19 |
...behind which, at this moment, eight or |
00:41:24 |
...are being held prisoner. |
00:41:26 |
The demands have been many. |
00:41:30 |
And this has happened |
00:41:33 |
The door opening, the head coming out |
00:41:37 |
Within 200 yards of where that |
00:41:40 |
Not a formal swimming pool, but |
00:41:43 |
...where the athletes lie out |
00:41:45 |
That's what they're doing |
00:41:48 |
They're swimming, talking of technique |
00:41:51 |
And yet this grim, terrible thing |
00:41:57 |
There were people running |
00:41:59 |
I thought, yeah, you've trained |
00:42:02 |
...but it seemed wrong. |
00:42:05 |
There was something selfish, |
00:42:07 |
...about the atmosphere |
00:42:15 |
I didn't hear much |
00:42:18 |
I spent my time |
00:42:22 |
But after some time I was relieved |
00:42:24 |
...where the Israelis |
00:42:27 |
I found one of our guys sitting with |
00:42:33 |
We began to chat |
00:42:36 |
...and told each other |
00:42:39 |
But then our leader suddenly came in |
00:42:44 |
He didn't want us |
00:42:49 |
...in case they tried |
00:42:53 |
...and tried to escape. |
00:43:20 |
The Germans decided |
00:43:23 |
...for them to take the initiative. |
00:43:26 |
Food was brought in... |
00:43:27 |
...not only with the hope |
00:43:30 |
...but in such large quantities |
00:43:34 |
The police hoped more than one guerrilla |
00:43:38 |
...could be rushed and overpowered. |
00:43:40 |
A second hope was the chefs could gain |
00:43:45 |
There were no chefs. |
00:43:47 |
Mr. Schreiber, and myself... |
00:43:49 |
...with two policemen |
00:43:52 |
The idea was not |
00:43:54 |
The idea was that someone of us... |
00:43:57 |
...could enter the room... |
00:43:59 |
...because at that time nobody knew |
00:44:03 |
The deception had no effect. |
00:44:05 |
The negotiators reported |
00:44:08 |
...that their plan had failed. |
00:44:11 |
The ambassador repeated again |
00:44:16 |
The Israeli ambassador |
00:44:20 |
...what was going on, and he |
00:44:23 |
He got out |
00:44:25 |
...and he called |
00:44:28 |
General Ulrich K. Wegener... |
00:44:30 |
The Israelis, they wanted |
00:44:33 |
...which was rejected |
00:44:40 |
The prime minister had a long talk |
00:44:45 |
And I remember her report saying... |
00:44:48 |
...that he refused |
00:44:53 |
...will come to Germany |
00:44:58 |
Zvi Zamir, Chief of Mossad |
00:45:00 |
And the general feeling was that |
00:45:04 |
...will take it upon itself... |
00:45:08 |
...they are capable |
00:45:12 |
...and there is no necessity |
00:45:17 |
At the time, |
00:45:21 |
And Moshe Dayan spoke |
00:45:25 |
...and they insisted that I |
00:45:29 |
...to see how the Germans |
00:45:34 |
Zvi Zamir immediately |
00:45:37 |
...arriving early that same evening. |
00:45:47 |
Almost 11 hours |
00:45:50 |
...the Olympic Committee finally bowed |
00:45:54 |
...and suspended the Games. |
00:45:56 |
Some competitions are continuing. |
00:45:59 |
But at that time |
00:46:01 |
At 10:00 tomorrow morning, |
00:46:05 |
...there will be a memorial service |
00:46:41 |
The Olympic Games are reduced |
00:46:45 |
...and one tantalizing head |
00:46:50 |
Something has to happen. |
00:47:16 |
It was a kind of... |
00:47:17 |
Dan Shilon |
00:47:19 |
...a bizarre, |
00:47:21 |
...in which we journalists |
00:47:23 |
...with every possible camera. |
00:47:26 |
Endless cameras |
00:47:32 |
It was a great story to many television |
00:47:37 |
I mean, the climax |
00:47:42 |
And perhaps even some |
00:47:45 |
...took a very cynical approach to it... |
00:47:47 |
...saying, "Wow! |
00:47:52 |
On a lovely late summer afternoon, |
00:47:56 |
In just a half an hour, |
00:48:11 |
He definitely had |
00:48:15 |
Late in the afternoon, |
00:48:19 |
...of the apartment |
00:48:21 |
...and I saw Andre |
00:48:25 |
They asked him, |
00:48:27 |
...and what is the situation |
00:48:31 |
Andre said, |
00:48:34 |
When the Germans asked, "Who is |
00:48:39 |
I saw that he was not allowed |
00:48:41 |
So he got hit with the butt of the rifle |
00:48:45 |
...and pushed away, |
00:48:49 |
That was the last time, really, |
00:48:59 |
After that, Mr. Genscher said... |
00:49:02 |
...he wished to have a direct discussion |
00:49:07 |
Then Mr. Schreiber said |
00:49:10 |
They said, "No, you are policemen. |
00:49:13 |
I said, "All right. Then it's me." |
00:49:17 |
...and it was a terrible impression, |
00:49:25 |
One was bound to one chair... |
00:49:27 |
...and the others were on |
00:49:32 |
And then the one |
00:49:34 |
...was lying there. |
00:49:36 |
The wall was full of blood. |
00:49:42 |
I will never be able |
00:49:47 |
...full of fear, but also hope. |
00:49:52 |
Then we had a discussion... |
00:49:54 |
...and the discussion was... |
00:49:57 |
...absolutely covered by the... |
00:50:06 |
...very depressed mood |
00:50:18 |
They wished... |
00:50:20 |
...to come to a conclusion |
00:50:23 |
...but they were not very hopeful |
00:50:52 |
There's been one report attributed to |
00:50:54 |
There's been one report attributed to |
00:50:56 |
...who said a police lieutenant |
00:50:59 |
...about 29 minutes from now, |
00:51:01 |
...a volunteer squad of policemen |
00:51:04 |
...would storm the Israeli |
00:51:07 |
...and would come in shooting. |
00:51:10 |
These are the volunteer squad of |
00:51:15 |
Because of very complicated laws... |
00:51:18 |
...the German army would not |
00:51:21 |
There you see an athlete |
00:51:23 |
...in which is obviously |
00:51:27 |
The commissioner of the police, |
00:51:29 |
...selected some policemen, |
00:51:32 |
...and asked them... |
00:51:34 |
...have you ever shot a gun |
00:51:38 |
That was it. |
00:51:49 |
Jim, there are now a great many |
00:51:53 |
...in athletic uniforms... |
00:51:56 |
...moving off |
00:51:59 |
I don't want to instigate |
00:52:02 |
...but it looks, at this point, like the |
00:52:13 |
The plan was for us |
00:52:16 |
...of the Connollystrasse building... |
00:52:18 |
...and go down the ventilation shafts. |
00:52:21 |
Once in position we were to |
00:52:24 |
...from the Chief Inspector |
00:52:28 |
That's how we would |
00:52:49 |
Walking cautiously on the roof... |
00:52:51 |
...hopefully not being heard |
00:53:10 |
You see how close these two men are. |
00:53:20 |
You see he comes out and |
00:53:23 |
That's for him |
00:53:36 |
Outside our studio here |
00:53:39 |
...a crowd estimated |
00:53:42 |
...has gathered, |
00:53:50 |
This building now swarming |
00:53:53 |
...trying to rescue the Israelis. |
00:53:57 |
The deadline appears, to us, |
00:54:02 |
Anything to report at all, Peter? |
00:54:04 |
The commando looks very much |
00:54:07 |
...and he certainly has an apprehensive |
00:54:12 |
...almost as if they do sense |
00:54:22 |
Once again there is a delegation |
00:54:25 |
...and the Arab guard, |
00:54:28 |
...but in the window slightly down |
00:54:40 |
Now we've gotten |
00:54:42 |
It is 5:00. |
00:54:46 |
The storming, if it is going to happen, |
00:54:55 |
We waited and waited, but the |
00:54:59 |
...because there was a film crew... |
00:55:02 |
...on the East German building |
00:55:05 |
...which broadcast live everything |
00:55:10 |
Later we discovered that there |
00:55:17 |
...and the terrorists had been able... |
00:55:21 |
...to watch us preparing |
00:55:24 |
Thank God we called it off. |
00:55:29 |
It surely would have been |
00:55:39 |
If you had told me then that the Germans |
00:55:44 |
Gerald Seymour |
00:55:46 |
...a trained storm squad, |
00:55:48 |
...because everybody in 1972 |
00:55:52 |
...by a myth of utter |
00:56:09 |
Fourteen minutes to 6:00, |
00:56:14 |
We were told not to let the situation |
00:56:17 |
...because psychologically that was |
00:56:21 |
If the Israeli government still |
00:56:28 |
...we had been told |
00:56:30 |
...to take us, with the hostages, |
00:56:38 |
At 6:00 p.m., the Palestinians |
00:56:41 |
They wanted a long-distance jet... |
00:56:44 |
...to fly them and their hostages |
00:56:49 |
But the German government |
00:56:51 |
...decided that we were not |
00:56:54 |
...to let foreigners bring out |
00:56:57 |
...who came as guests |
00:57:00 |
That led to the final conclusion that we |
00:57:04 |
...that we'll let them fly out... |
00:57:06 |
...but try everything |
00:57:10 |
...or bring them into prison... |
00:57:13 |
...before they could leave the country. |
00:57:17 |
Our aim was to |
00:57:21 |
...to wear down the terrorists... |
00:57:24 |
...and try to establish the best time |
00:57:30 |
That was our objective. |
00:57:32 |
The organizers of the Games |
00:57:35 |
...to resume as soon as possible. |
00:57:39 |
We had to find a resolution |
00:57:55 |
To move the thing |
00:58:00 |
Zvi Zamir, Chief of Mossad |
00:58:02 |
...in order to let |
00:58:04 |
...this was their main objective. |
00:58:07 |
The Israeli team... |
00:58:09 |
...and its rescue |
00:58:20 |
The staff group decided |
00:58:24 |
...to the public airport of Munich |
00:58:27 |
I said, "Listen, that's crazy. |
00:58:29 |
...which is not a public airport. " |
00:58:32 |
So I proposed to make |
00:58:49 |
The police plan revolved around |
00:58:52 |
...which was to be left on the runway |
00:58:56 |
On board would be a voluntary squad |
00:58:59 |
...disguised as flight crew. |
00:59:01 |
The Palestinians and Israelis |
00:59:04 |
When Issa and his deputy |
00:59:07 |
...the fake crew would overcome them. |
00:59:09 |
Meanwhile, five snipers positioned |
00:59:13 |
...would open fire |
00:59:16 |
...and assault vehicles would rush in |
00:59:20 |
There were only five snipers |
00:59:24 |
...there would be a total |
01:00:13 |
This is PeterJennings |
01:00:15 |
The Olympic village |
01:00:18 |
...and underneath building 31, and |
01:00:21 |
...there is a network of roads. |
01:00:24 |
Those alleyways |
01:00:26 |
...a fairly massive security force, |
01:00:30 |
...and just a short while ago, |
01:00:33 |
...noticed that there was |
01:00:36 |
Over the recent 25 to 30 minutes... |
01:00:38 |
...there was a flurry of activity, |
01:00:42 |
...and we now have a corridor |
01:00:45 |
...available to the Arabs... |
01:00:48 |
...should a deal have been made |
01:00:50 |
...as now seems likely. |
01:00:53 |
So there is a quiet now |
01:00:57 |
I didn't feel fear as such. |
01:01:00 |
I felt apprehensive, |
01:01:03 |
I was afraid of failing. |
01:01:18 |
The Palestinians and Israelis |
01:01:21 |
...to Furstenfeldbruck Airport. |
01:01:24 |
But how would they get themselves |
01:01:26 |
...to the helicopters, |
01:01:30 |
They decided to walk |
01:01:36 |
The police saw |
01:01:38 |
...and placed marksmen here... |
01:01:41 |
...but Issa insisted |
01:01:45 |
So we walked there with one of... |
01:01:47 |
...the terrorists behind me |
01:01:50 |
...and at that time, some of the gunmen |
01:01:55 |
...were lying in the side streets... |
01:01:58 |
...and when we approached, |
01:02:05 |
So the terrorists immediately |
01:02:09 |
...and they decided to use a bus |
01:02:24 |
The terrorists brought the Israelis |
01:02:26 |
...into an underground car park |
01:02:30 |
Robert Thompson, a 24-year-old |
01:02:33 |
...saw them leave. |
01:02:34 |
So then they brought |
01:02:36 |
...and they put seven of the Israelis |
01:02:40 |
...and then he went back inside, |
01:02:43 |
During this, there was one fellow |
01:02:45 |
...with a machine gun, |
01:02:49 |
The terrorists had all the guns. |
01:02:52 |
They were tied. |
01:02:54 |
They had their hands |
01:02:56 |
...and plus their hands |
01:02:59 |
Then around the back they had ropes, |
01:03:59 |
The first man that got out was |
01:04:02 |
He got out, went over |
01:04:05 |
...and made a complete check |
01:04:07 |
He checked in and out, both back, |
01:04:12 |
...and when he saw that everything |
01:04:15 |
...he signaled, and four hostages |
01:04:19 |
...with their hands |
01:04:21 |
...and behind them |
01:04:23 |
...with some kind of weapon |
01:04:25 |
It was quite |
01:04:27 |
It wasn't anyJames Bond. |
01:04:34 |
It has taken less than five minutes |
01:04:37 |
...but in that five minutes |
01:04:39 |
...has suddenly been revealed. |
01:04:42 |
There are not four guerillas |
01:04:45 |
There are eight, and there are |
01:04:48 |
...waiting at Furstenfeldbruck Airport. |
01:05:00 |
We were standing |
01:05:03 |
...as our friends were led handcuffed |
01:05:09 |
The terrorists stood there |
01:05:11 |
They looked as if they felt like heroes |
01:05:15 |
All around, |
01:05:19 |
I felt bitter. |
01:05:22 |
It's not a movie. |
01:05:25 |
It's our people we're talking about! |
01:05:32 |
Two were already murdered, and |
01:05:40 |
One of the helicopters now proceeds |
01:05:44 |
...out over the main stadium |
01:05:46 |
The second helicopter |
01:05:50 |
...and moving out around |
01:05:52 |
...major Olympic tower |
01:05:55 |
...to a destination we, of course, |
01:06:03 |
And we, with the German team... |
01:06:06 |
...we moved to the third helicopter. |
01:06:10 |
The third helicopter |
01:06:13 |
...right over the Olympic village... |
01:06:15 |
...passing now |
01:06:17 |
All the lights on |
01:06:19 |
...an Olympic site |
01:06:21 |
...has been a place of serenity |
01:06:24 |
...an Olympic village which, in spite of |
01:06:28 |
...and now today has been |
01:06:30 |
...by this tragedy. |
01:07:16 |
As we were flying... |
01:07:18 |
...we began to get the feeling |
01:07:21 |
...so we began to prepare ourselves. |
01:07:37 |
In the event of an ambush, |
01:07:41 |
...with all our strength, |
01:07:44 |
We were to do |
01:07:49 |
...to defend ourselves |
01:08:25 |
The marksmen, |
01:08:28 |
...were still only expecting |
01:08:31 |
Nobody from the village |
01:08:34 |
...that there were now known |
01:08:37 |
We rushed quickly |
01:08:41 |
...we moved to the second floor. |
01:08:42 |
It was dark... |
01:08:45 |
There were very many people in |
01:08:49 |
...behind the building. |
01:08:51 |
From the window we could watch |
01:08:56 |
...landing in front of us. |
01:09:07 |
Just as the helicopters... |
01:09:08 |
...bearing the Palestinians |
01:09:11 |
...the police squad |
01:09:14 |
...fearing that |
01:09:16 |
...took a vote |
01:09:20 |
It was quite simply |
01:09:23 |
...and we unanimously voted |
01:09:26 |
And this was seconds before... |
01:09:30 |
...seconds before |
01:09:35 |
I told the minister, |
01:09:38 |
...this will blow the whole affair." |
01:09:42 |
The Germans had marksmen |
01:09:46 |
...and marksmen at ground level... |
01:09:48 |
...but they had no communications |
01:09:51 |
They were just briefed to shoot. |
01:09:53 |
When the first marksmen opened fire, |
01:09:56 |
...but there was |
01:09:59 |
Some of us got out of |
01:10:04 |
...but others waited inside it with |
01:10:09 |
We told them that it was in everybody's |
01:10:17 |
Now, the leader of the team, |
01:10:21 |
...went to check the aircraft. |
01:10:25 |
The Palestinians |
01:10:28 |
...the whole crew, |
01:10:30 |
...and were yelling. |
01:10:32 |
They were, of course, excited. |
01:10:39 |
As the leader returned |
01:10:42 |
...the whole area suddenly lit up... |
01:10:45 |
...and an enormous |
01:10:52 |
So we all opened fire in the direction |
01:11:09 |
And a key marksman was moving |
01:11:12 |
...to another, blocked by a pillar... |
01:11:14 |
Gerald Seymour |
01:11:15 |
...to get into another shooting position |
01:11:18 |
...and therefore missed the crucial shot |
01:11:22 |
Issa managed to get back to the cover |
01:11:26 |
Sniper Two was more successful, |
01:11:32 |
Snipers Three and Four opened fire |
01:11:36 |
...guarding the helicopters... |
01:11:38 |
...but inexplicably |
01:11:41 |
Sniper Five did not fire |
01:11:44 |
Because the helicopters had been |
01:11:48 |
...he found himself |
01:11:50 |
...of his fellow marksmen |
01:11:53 |
Like the others, he had not been |
01:11:56 |
...or steel helmet and found himself |
01:12:00 |
Meanwhile, a policeman standing |
01:12:04 |
...was killed when a stray bullet |
01:12:08 |
They weren't capable. |
01:12:10 |
I can tell you that I doubt |
01:12:12 |
...were really snipers |
01:12:16 |
One was lying on the roof... |
01:12:19 |
...not far away from us. |
01:12:20 |
He wasn't firing |
01:12:23 |
But they didn't see it. |
01:12:27 |
Unbelievable. |
01:12:31 |
The latest word |
01:12:33 |
...is that, quote, "All hell |
01:12:36 |
...that there is still shooting going on... |
01:12:38 |
...but all seems to be confusion. |
01:12:40 |
Nothing is nailed down. |
01:12:42 |
We have no idea what has happened |
01:12:46 |
The leader was now |
01:12:49 |
...but his deputy |
01:12:52 |
I crawled over to him |
01:12:59 |
My gun flew from my hand. |
01:13:02 |
I tried to grab his gun |
01:13:08 |
...but I just couldn't do it. |
01:13:10 |
And I only hope that our people... |
01:13:12 |
...and the Israelis, that they could |
01:13:15 |
...but they had tied them together |
01:13:17 |
...and so they couldn't leave |
01:13:31 |
The entire area |
01:13:34 |
...heavily armed troops with dogs, |
01:13:37 |
We tried to approach, were stopped by |
01:13:41 |
...and he said, " Do not come closer. |
01:13:43 |
They're heavily armed. |
01:13:48 |
But it's total confusion out there. |
01:13:51 |
Just about everybody |
01:13:53 |
...got into their cars |
01:13:56 |
They've clogged the roads. |
01:13:57 |
Police reinforcements |
01:14:00 |
...because all of these people |
01:14:03 |
...clogging up the roads. |
01:14:04 |
Just absolute confusion. |
01:14:11 |
Then I decided to try and find |
01:14:14 |
...and then we said... |
01:14:16 |
Zvi Zamir, Chief of Mossad |
01:14:18 |
"What else? |
01:14:20 |
Then he said |
01:14:23 |
...for armored cars to arrive... |
01:14:25 |
...from somewhere near Munich. |
01:14:30 |
The police had forgotten |
01:14:33 |
...to come to the airport earlier... |
01:14:35 |
...and it was only now, |
01:14:38 |
...that they radioed to Munich |
01:14:41 |
But because the roads |
01:14:44 |
...they did not arrive at the scene |
01:14:47 |
...by which time |
01:14:50 |
Still no word... |
01:14:52 |
...the word we really want, |
01:15:01 |
We asked them to let us |
01:15:04 |
...and try to negotiate |
01:15:10 |
They refused at the beginning... |
01:15:11 |
...but then they said, |
01:15:15 |
We went up on top of the roof... |
01:15:17 |
...and we started to speak Arabic |
01:15:22 |
Their reply was clear, |
01:15:25 |
They opened fire on the building. |
01:15:28 |
General Ulrich K. Wegener... |
01:15:29 |
They fired at the tower, |
01:15:33 |
...and he touched down |
01:15:38 |
Very funny, |
01:15:44 |
One of the surviving terrorists |
01:15:47 |
...heading straight for Sniper Five. |
01:15:49 |
As the terrorist ran towards him, |
01:15:53 |
...fired his only shots of the night... |
01:15:55 |
...point-blank |
01:15:58 |
Seeing these shots... |
01:15:59 |
...police reinforcements |
01:16:02 |
...with no knowledge of the precise |
01:16:06 |
...mistakenly identified Sniper Five |
01:16:10 |
...who had fled for cover beside him |
01:16:12 |
...and opened fire on them. |
01:16:15 |
Both were seriously wounded. |
01:16:22 |
At midnight |
01:16:25 |
...of the spokesman |
01:16:27 |
...who said all the Israelis are saved... |
01:16:30 |
...and all the terrorists are dead. |
01:16:33 |
Conrad Ahlers |
01:16:34 |
I'm very glad that, as far as we can see now, |
01:16:39 |
Of course, |
01:16:42 |
...of the Olympic Games... |
01:16:44 |
...but, I mean, if all that comes out... |
01:16:48 |
...as we hope it will come out |
01:16:51 |
I think it will be forgotten |
01:17:05 |
Ankie Spitzer... |
01:17:07 |
People all over Holland were calling me... |
01:17:09 |
A neighbor came to us |
01:17:12 |
Alex Springer... |
01:17:14 |
...and we all... |
01:17:15 |
...was very glad and happy... |
01:17:17 |
...and I think that I went to sleep. |
01:17:20 |
Then the Israeli ambassador |
01:17:24 |
"Ankie, I just heard the news. |
01:17:26 |
Congratulations, |
01:17:28 |
...and everything is okay." |
01:17:34 |
Originally they said |
01:17:37 |
Now that has been changed... |
01:17:39 |
...and an Olympic spokesman said... |
01:17:41 |
"We are afraid the information |
01:17:45 |
That's where we seem to stand. |
01:17:49 |
So I called the Olympic village. |
01:17:51 |
I called every half-hour, and every |
01:17:55 |
...and at 3:00 in the morning I said... |
01:17:57 |
"If you know that something happened, |
01:18:00 |
...because I'm not Hercules. |
01:18:02 |
I have been waiting |
01:18:04 |
...and now it's 3:00 the next morning. |
01:18:06 |
I just want to know |
01:18:09 |
We keep hearing |
01:18:11 |
...thatJohnny Klein |
01:18:20 |
After almost two hours of fighting... |
01:18:22 |
...one of the surviving Palestinians |
01:18:25 |
...into the eastern helicopter. |
01:18:27 |
The helicopter was refueled... |
01:18:29 |
...and within minutes... |
01:18:31 |
...the helicopter |
01:18:36 |
...was in fire. |
01:18:38 |
Simultaneously, |
01:18:40 |
...sprayed a full clip of bullets |
01:18:44 |
Then there was silence. |
01:18:47 |
And I told the minister... |
01:18:48 |
"I think I have to go to look |
01:18:51 |
And then I went to the captain |
01:18:56 |
...and said, |
01:18:59 |
You have to move your people there. |
01:19:01 |
You pull out the hostages |
01:19:05 |
...and do something." |
01:19:07 |
They didn't do anything. |
01:19:12 |
It was... |
01:19:13 |
It was a really tragic story... |
01:19:17 |
...and so we could only look, |
01:19:20 |
And when after... |
01:19:23 |
You could hear them yelling, |
01:19:26 |
We've just gotten the final word. |
01:19:28 |
When I was a kid, |
01:19:30 |
"Our greatest hopes and our |
01:19:32 |
Our worst fears |
01:19:35 |
They have now said |
01:19:38 |
Two were killed in their rooms... |
01:19:41 |
...yesterday morning. |
01:19:43 |
Nine were killed |
01:19:47 |
They're all gone. |
01:23:47 |
That afternoon, |
01:23:51 |
The surviving members |
01:23:53 |
...flew home with their dead. |
01:23:57 |
The bodies of the five |
01:24:00 |
...were handed over to Libya, |
01:24:30 |
Mohammed Safady, Aged 19 |
01:24:31 |
The three surviving terrorists |
01:24:33 |
Adnan Al Gashey, Aged 27 |
01:24:34 |
Jamal Al Gashey, Aged 18 |
01:24:37 |
Seven weeks later, |
01:24:40 |
...en route from Beirut to Frankfurt |
01:24:43 |
The hijackers demanded the release |
01:24:47 |
Acting with indecent haste and without |
01:24:52 |
...the Germans |
01:24:57 |
The circumstances |
01:25:00 |
...have long been thought suspicious. |
01:25:02 |
Why were only 12 passengers |
01:25:06 |
Why no women or children? |
01:25:08 |
Why such haste in agreeing |
01:25:12 |
For the first time, one of |
01:25:15 |
...has revealed |
01:25:18 |
...organized by the German government |
01:25:22 |
The Germans thought |
01:25:24 |
...they would prevent future |
01:25:27 |
...and dispose the embarrassing evidence |
01:25:33 |
I think... |
01:25:34 |
I think it's probably true, yes. |
01:25:40 |
At this time, |
01:25:43 |
Really. |
01:25:44 |
Hans Jochen Vogel |
01:25:46 |
On such questions, Willy Brandt, |
01:25:49 |
...always made this gesture. |
01:25:54 |
I can't say and do more. |
01:26:03 |
29th October 1972 |
01:26:06 |
Did you shoot |
01:26:09 |
It's not important to say |
01:26:15 |
What do you think you achieved? |
01:26:24 |
One would have... |
01:26:27 |
...by the world... |
01:26:30 |
Are those your words? |
01:26:35 |
- Of course. |
01:26:36 |
They have made their voice heard |
01:26:40 |
...who has not been hearing before. |
01:26:49 |
I'm proud of what I did at Munich... |
01:26:52 |
...because it helped |
01:26:55 |
Before Munich the world had no idea |
01:26:59 |
...but on that day the name of"Palestine" |
01:27:11 |
It was only a year and three months |
01:27:18 |
But I remember that year |
01:27:21 |
...and most wonderful year of my life. |
01:27:33 |
This is the grave |
01:27:36 |
He was the athletics coach. |
01:27:38 |
He had four little children, |
01:27:43 |
And here is Kehat Shorr. |
01:27:46 |
He was the shooting coach. |
01:27:52 |
Eliezer Halfin was a wrestler... |
01:27:54 |
...and so was Mark Slavin, |
01:28:02 |
And here's my father's grave. |
01:28:06 |
Anouk Spitzer... |
01:28:07 |
And it says on it his name: Andre Spitzer. |
01:28:10 |
It says, "Son ofTibor, |
01:28:14 |
...murdered by... Killed by murderers... |
01:28:17 |
...in the Olympic Games in Munich... |
01:28:19 |
...as a representative |
01:28:23 |
Then it says his date of birth |
01:28:28 |
And I always bring him sunflowers |