Countdown To Zero

en
00:00:48 Narrator:
00:00:50 It makes no sense. "
00:00:57 "There is something
00:01:03 "Perhaps you can suggest
00:01:12 "Couldn't it be this sort of thing?"
00:01:19 He turned the drawing around.
00:01:27 "Yes," she said,
00:01:30 "that is what I mean. "
00:01:34 This was the first explanation
00:01:36 of the splitting of the atom.
00:01:54 Robert Oppenheimer said, "Impossible,"
00:01:57 but within 15 minutes he decided
00:02:01 He realized it would release
00:02:03 a great amount of energy,
00:02:06 that you could generate power
00:02:08 and make bombs.
00:02:16 Within a week
00:02:18 on Oppenheimer's blackboard
00:02:21 there was a crude drawing of the bomb.
00:02:32 Enrico Fermi stood in his office
00:02:34 and looked out over Manhattan.
00:02:39 He cupped his hands
00:02:44 "A little bomb like that," he said,
00:02:48 "and it would all disappear. "
00:03:59 ( people screaming )
00:04:12 Valerie Plame Wilson:
00:04:14 if terrorists had acquired
00:04:17 they would not have hesitated to use it.
00:04:19 ( sirens wailing )
00:04:34 Wilson:
00:04:37 "Could they ever get one?"
00:05:03 Al-Qaeda is determined
00:05:07 and to use them if they get them.
00:05:10 In the early '90s they tried to buy
00:05:12 highly-enriched uranium in the Sudan.
00:05:15 They got scammed.
00:05:17 Just prior to the 9/11 attacks,
00:05:20 we do know that Osama Bin Laden
00:05:23 and his lieutenant Zawahiri
00:05:25 sat down
00:05:27 and discussed nuclear weapons.
00:05:32 Before releasing the sarin gas
00:05:35 the Japanese cult Aum Shinrikyo
00:05:38 attempted to acquire
00:05:42 They bought a sheep farm
00:05:45 to mine uranium
00:05:50 Graham Allison:
00:05:53 is to, quote,
00:05:55 including two million children. "
00:05:57 This is, in his calculation,
00:06:01 to balance the scales ofjustice.
00:06:05 He takes various incidents,
00:06:07 from Shatila to the war in Iraq,
00:06:10 and counts up the body count and says,
00:06:12 "That's how many people
00:06:16 You're not gonna get
00:06:18 by hijacking airplanes
00:06:20 and crashing them into buildings.
00:06:39 Actually, I'm not that worried
00:06:43 It's not one of my main worries.
00:06:44 I do not worry about nuclear weapons.
00:06:46 ( speaking Chinese )
00:06:49 Isn't everybody worried
00:06:52 That's a stupid answer, right?
00:06:54 ( speaking Russian )
00:06:56 Man: I don't know.
00:06:59 something that I've actually had
00:07:01 ( speaking Chinese )
00:07:06 It might, you know, get on your conscience
00:07:08 and then it kind ofjust disappears.
00:07:09 ( speaking Chinese )
00:07:12 Man: I don't think anybody is
00:07:16 ridiculous even to think about it.
00:07:18 What can you do? Nothing.
00:07:23 At the end of the day, it's one button
00:07:25 and there's gonna be a big mess
00:07:27 Somebody's gonna make
00:07:30 and we're all gonna suffer for it.
00:07:44 Rolf Mowatt-Larssen: There are
00:07:47 you could steal a bomb;
00:07:50 you could buy a bomb;
00:07:52 and you could build a bomb.
00:07:55 Of all the things I learned
00:07:57 after 9/11 about terrorism intent,
00:07:59 the most startling discovery
00:08:03 was realizing that they were
00:08:08 Wilson:
00:08:11 is getting the material-
00:08:13 the highly-enriched
00:08:17 Many countries
00:08:20 and often they are poorly guarded.
00:08:26 But if I were a terrorist
00:08:28 intending to build a nuclear bomb
00:08:30 and I wanted to blow up a major city,
00:08:32 I would look to the countries
00:08:36 There have been many cases
00:08:39 of highly-enriched
00:08:42 And every time there has been
00:08:45 of stolen H.E.U. or plutonium
00:08:47 and they were able to track it
00:08:50 it came from Russia.
00:08:54 Matthew Bunn:
00:08:57 in the early 1990s.
00:08:59 One of the naval personnel
00:09:03 where the highly-enriched
00:09:06 This relative walked
00:09:09 in a security fence,
00:09:11 walked up to what you
00:09:13 snapped the padlock with an iron bar.
00:09:17 He set off no alarm.
00:09:19 He was not detected at all.
00:09:21 The Russian military prosecutor
00:09:26 "Potatoes were guarded better. "
00:09:36 At a facility called Luch
00:09:38 where they fabricate fuel
00:09:41 made from highly-enriched uranium
00:09:43 there was a worker there who knew
00:09:46 that as long as the output
00:09:48 was within about 3% of the input,
00:09:50 they figured it was
00:09:52 and they didn't bother
00:09:54 So he kept stealing
00:09:57 day after day
00:10:01 ( man speaking Russian )
00:10:17 Eventually he stole a kilogram and a half
00:10:19 of 90% enriched
00:10:22 He set off no alarms.
00:10:25 He had friends
00:10:28 stealing car batteries.
00:10:30 And they said,
00:10:34 who buys our stolen car batteries
00:10:35 will buy your stolen uranium. "
00:10:37 So they went down
00:10:39 and the police came and arrested
00:10:42 and he got arrested
00:10:43 That's the only way
00:10:45 Graham Allison:
00:10:47 people from the Russian nuclear arsenal
00:10:50 were selling material
00:10:52 We have cases in which people
00:10:56 were selling material.
00:10:58 Bunn:
00:11:02 until the material was seized,
00:11:04 it had never been noticed
00:11:09 All the black-market seizures
00:11:12 were serendipitous.
00:11:15 They were caught by luck.
00:11:17 So that we don't know
00:11:20 whether it's the iceberg
00:11:28 Wilson: Once you've managed
00:11:31 you'd need to smuggle it
00:11:42 Lawrence Scott Sheets:
00:11:44 along Russia's southern border-
00:11:48 a natural corridor.
00:11:50 And things like
00:11:53 could be smuggled
00:11:56 on their way to Azerbaijan,
00:11:58 Iraq, Iran,
00:12:00 Turkmenistan, Afghanistan
00:12:02 and so on and so forth.
00:12:05 ( Pavlenishvili speaking English )
00:13:03 The Georgians invented a so-called
00:13:05 man of Turkish nationality
00:13:08 who said he was a Muslim man
00:13:12 representing a serious organization.
00:13:15 Oleg Khintsagov believed
00:13:18 highly-enriched uranium
00:13:20 to terrorists.
00:13:29 ( Khintsagov speaking Russian )
00:13:58 ( Pavlenishvili speaking )
00:14:55 Sheets:
00:14:57 a small time hustler
00:14:59 who just wanted
00:15:01 imagine what professionals
00:15:03 real professionals
00:15:06 with an agenda, with brains.
00:15:13 ( Pavlenishvili speaking )
00:15:38 Wilson: Once you've moved
00:15:40 you could use any number of ports
00:15:42 in the Middle East
00:15:44 to ship the H.E.U. to your destination.
00:15:59 Smuggling highly-enriched
00:16:03 is pretty straightfoward.
00:16:10 Lead pipe
00:16:14 The detector would have to be
00:16:17 to pick up any radiation.
00:16:23 And then hide it
00:16:31 Allison:
00:16:34 is smaller than a football.
00:16:38 It would fit in a six-pack
00:16:45 Bunn:
00:16:47 go to the United States every day.
00:16:52 Allison: Every way
00:16:56 would be the same way
00:16:58 highly-enriched uranium coming.
00:17:04 If you have any doubt
00:17:08 to bring highly-enriched
00:17:12 they could always hide it
00:17:37 Scott Sagan:
00:17:40 the deliberate threat.
00:17:46 But there is also
00:17:49 of a nuclear detonation
00:17:51 by accident, by error
00:17:54 or by misjudgment.
00:18:26 We'd like to think
00:18:28 the U.S. military or other militaries
00:18:30 that control nuclear weapons
00:18:33 They will never fail.
00:18:38 We expect them
00:18:42 But even the well-disciplined,
00:18:45 very professional
00:18:48 made very serious mistakes
00:18:58 Newsreel announcer: An atomic bomb
00:19:00 in a B47 jet over Florence,
00:19:03 causing a sensational freak accident.
00:19:05 A B52 bomber was loaded
00:19:10 Reporter: An American warplane flew
00:19:12 we're told, with six nuclear
00:19:15 Reporter #2: And nobody knew-
00:19:17 not the commanders
00:19:20 Sagan:
00:19:24 during a refueling mission,
00:19:26 causing the four
00:19:29 to fall onto Spanish territory
00:19:32 and into the Mediterranean.
00:19:34 A B52 bomber
00:19:36 crashed near a U.S.
00:19:39 scattering deadly plutonium
00:19:44 Sagan:
00:19:45 a BOMARC air defense missile exploded,
00:19:48 melting the nuclear warhead.
00:19:50 In 1968,
00:19:52 400 miles southwest
00:19:54 The nuclear weapons onboard
00:19:58 A B47 bomber disappeared
00:20:02 The nuclear weapons aboard
00:20:05 In 1959,
00:20:07 near Whidbey Island, Washington.
00:20:09 The nuclear depth charges
00:20:12 A Skyhawk strike aircraft
00:20:15 rolled off an aircraft carrier
00:20:18 The weapon
00:20:21 There are many ways in which
00:20:23 efforts to make a system
00:20:25 actually backfire
00:20:28 Sometimes we add
00:20:31 We add backup systems
00:20:33 so that if one fails,
00:20:35 another can take its place.
00:20:42 But complexity is
00:20:47 because as you add systems
00:20:50 it's harder to understand
00:21:07 It's that unlikely, bizarre interaction
00:21:11 where one person interacts with another
00:21:14 in a way that wasn't anticipated
00:21:16 or one backup system
00:21:19 in ways that you can't
00:21:22 and therefore can't plan around-
00:21:23 those are what cause the problems.
00:21:25 In 1961, a B52 broke apart in midair
00:21:30 over Goldsboro, North Carolina,
00:21:32 causing two nuclear bombs to fall.
00:21:34 One parachute functioned properly,
00:21:37 and that bomb survived
00:21:41 The other parachute failed to open.
00:21:44 When that bomb hit,
00:21:45 five of six safety devices
00:21:48 A single switch prevented
00:21:55 When I worked in the Pentagon,
00:21:56 I believed that the likelihood
00:21:59 of a nuclear weapons accident
00:22:01 in the United States occurring
00:22:04 I still believe that.
00:22:06 But low-probability events happen.
00:22:10 They happen all the time.
00:22:13 There's a first time
00:22:17 Eventually
00:22:19 those low-probability events
00:22:26 ( people exclaim )
00:22:29 - Woman: Was that supposed to happen?
00:23:06 Man: I could probably list
00:23:09 Whoo!
00:23:11 How many countries
00:23:13 - List them?
00:23:15 - I don't think I signed up for this.
00:23:20 U.K., maybe?
00:23:23 America, I'm guessing.
00:23:25 Oh, us?
00:23:27 - France.
00:23:29 - Australia?
00:23:31 No?
00:23:34 Japan?
00:23:37 No, not Japan.
00:23:38 There's more.
00:23:40 Iraq, Iran, Saudi Arabia.
00:23:44 All other countries
00:23:47 Afghanistan?
00:23:48 - North Korea?
00:23:51 Do they?
00:23:54 Who knows?
00:23:56 I don't know. I'm out.
00:23:58 I think that's it.
00:23:59 - Yeah.
00:24:04 Wilson:
00:24:07 the first atomic bomb
00:24:09 nuclear technology
00:24:12 and other countries
00:24:15 their own nuclear bombs.
00:24:18 ( Russian announcer speaking )
00:24:32 Reporter: Great credit is due
00:24:35 for it seems
00:24:37 that by the possession
00:24:40 peace can be maintained
00:24:48 Reporter #2:
00:24:50 France goes foward
00:24:52 of her first atomic bomb.
00:24:54 The explosion carries France
00:24:56 towards General de Gaulle's dream
00:24:58 of national glory restored.
00:25:06 Man: This is a gigantic success
00:25:10 Our nation's first nuclear test
00:25:13 surpasses the levels
00:25:16 of the United States,
00:25:18 Their criminal attempt to block
00:25:22 from grasping nuclear weapons
00:25:24 have been thoroughly smashed.
00:25:54 Walter Cronkite: Pakistan, which has
00:25:57 hinted it now might have to join
00:25:59 the once-select nuclear
00:26:01 and warned,
00:26:04 will not stop at six. "
00:26:06 One prime minister of Pakistan
00:26:09 would build a nuclear weapon
00:26:11 that the people had to eat grass.
00:26:13 "We will make the bomb
00:26:23 ( men shouting in Arabic )
00:26:34 Reporter:
00:26:36 pulling a symbol of the power
00:26:39 The bomb has become a huge
00:26:43 Pervez Musharraf:
00:26:46 the first time
00:26:48 which places us in the ranks
00:26:50 of very very few countries
00:26:53 We were proud of our scientists.
00:26:55 We were proud of our capabilities
00:26:57 We were proud of our strength.
00:26:59 People thought that,
00:27:00 "Now let India do anything
00:27:03 Let's see what they do. "
00:27:13 Mike Chinoy:
00:27:16 the lesson they took away
00:27:18 from the toppling of Saddam Hussein
00:27:20 was that Saddam was ousted
00:27:22 because he didn't have a bomb.
00:27:24 They were not going to let
00:27:27 Therefore, they needed
00:27:33 North Korea is scared
00:27:37 what the communists used to
00:27:40 like all their other
00:27:43 And they see nukes
00:27:45 that makes them the country
00:27:46 that is taken seriously
00:27:49 and the other big players
00:28:00 Wilson:
00:28:07 Every country can use self-defense
00:28:10 as a rationale for acquiring
00:28:13 But if every country does so,
00:28:15 it is a much more dangerous world.
00:28:27 Oppenheimer: When you see
00:28:30 you do it.
00:28:33 That is the way it was
00:28:39 Film narrator: The father
00:28:42 gave some frank answers
00:28:46 Oppenheimer:
00:28:48 whether in the years
00:28:50 to kill 40 million American people
00:28:54 in the 20 largest American towns
00:28:57 by the use of atomic bombs
00:29:03 I am afraid that the answer
00:29:08 I have been asked
00:29:10 for the nation's security
00:29:14 in keeping secret
00:29:16 which has gone into
00:29:20 I am afraid there is no such hope.
00:29:33 Alexander Glaser:
00:29:35 is the most simple configuration
00:29:38 of nuclear material
00:29:40 You just bring together
00:29:42 a certain quantity
00:29:45 highly-enriched uranium
00:29:48 and if you do it right,
00:29:54 Hoodbhoy:
00:29:57 was a very deep secret.
00:30:03 In fact, that was a time
00:30:05 when people didn't even know
00:30:07 whether a bomb was possible.
00:30:09 Now the making of the atom bomb
00:30:17 Joseph Biden: Those who say
00:30:20 they're very wrong.
00:30:22 But those who say building
00:30:25 they are more wrong.
00:30:27 Would you agree with that statement?
00:30:28 I won't comment on that statement, sir.
00:30:32 Bunn: People from the U.S.
00:30:35 were testifying
00:30:38 And they said
00:30:40 to make a nuclear bomb
00:30:42 with all the parts
00:30:45 except for the actual
00:30:47 Allison:
00:30:50 the heads of the three weapons labs,
00:30:53 "Is this possible? Is it really possible
00:30:56 And they said yes.
00:30:58 that we test our graduate
00:31:01 We take two graduate students
00:31:03 who haven't been prepared
00:31:05 We tell them, 'See if you can
00:31:09 Lo and behold,
00:31:15 Bunn:
00:31:18 And so they went
00:31:22 with everything other than
00:31:25 They actually brought it
00:31:27 into the classified
00:31:31 Typically, an implosion bomb
00:31:34 something like 25kg of uranium,
00:31:37 which is about the size
00:31:41 If, let's say,
00:31:43 between 70kg and 100kg of H.E.U.
00:31:48 is available,
00:31:50 then the design is not
00:31:54 It would not be very efficient.
00:31:57 It would not use all the uranium
00:31:59 that was used in it.
00:32:01 And yet it could be enough
00:32:42 Tony Blair:
00:32:45 what I really noticed
00:32:48 the threat of the proliferation,
00:32:50 the fact that these weapons could fall
00:32:52 into other people's hands-
00:32:54 that was the thing that troubled me,
00:32:57 that kept me awake at night.
00:32:59 Reporter:
00:33:02 word hit the streets
00:33:04 another nuclear device
00:33:07 ( crowd cheering )
00:33:09 Reporter #2:
00:33:11 the public hailed A.Q. Khan
00:33:12 as the father of the Islamic bomb.
00:33:15 Andrew Koch: In 1974
00:33:18 that was developing
00:33:21 He stole their designs
00:33:23 and took the list
00:33:25 At the end of the day,
00:33:28 but he's a master smuggler
00:33:31 He knows how to get the pieces
00:33:34 and how to find stuff and buy stuff.
00:33:37 Ahmed Rashid: There was
00:33:39 that was set up
00:33:41 by the army and by Dr. Khan.
00:33:45 Restrictions were placed.
00:33:47 But somehow the Pakistanis
00:33:50 And the formal help actually came
00:33:54 China gave a blueprint
00:33:56 of a nuclear bomb to Pakistan.
00:33:59 Koch:
00:34:02 Khan makes contact
00:34:05 who are very interested
00:34:07 but clearly don't have the scientific
00:34:09 or industrial capacity
00:34:11 And thus he starts
00:34:14 Khan has got a full marketing
00:34:17 with brochures and videotapes
00:34:20 Wilson:
00:34:24 He had extensive contacts, networks,
00:34:28 and he didn't much care about
00:34:30 who the ultimate client
00:34:33 Joe Cirincione:
00:34:36 North Korea, Libya.
00:34:38 But he didn't just give them
00:34:41 He also took the bomb designs
00:34:44 and threw those in as a sweetener.
00:34:46 He gave them
00:34:49 Got a problem?
00:34:52 It was a full-service operation.
00:34:56 Wilson:
00:34:58 began to focus
00:35:02 The home run was
00:35:09 Rashid:
00:35:12 essentially caught
00:35:16 selling a full-scale
00:35:20 Cirincione:
00:35:23 Libya never would have
00:35:25 that they've now, thankfully, given up.
00:35:27 If it wasn't for A.Q. Khan,
00:35:30 there wouldn't be
00:35:34 ( applause )
00:35:37 Iran is the tip of the spear.
00:35:39 It's the big problem
00:35:44 They promised not to build
00:35:48 But the problem is that
00:35:52 the very same factory
00:35:54 to low quantities for nuclear fuel
00:35:57 can enrich it to high quantities
00:36:01 So the question is,
00:36:04 ( crowd cheering )
00:36:06 By their own admission,
00:36:10 about their nuclear activities
00:36:16 ( Ahmadinejad speaking Farsi )
00:36:35 Wilson: Without question,
00:36:37 They've made that very clear,
00:36:39 despite their promises
00:36:42 civilian, peaceful objectives
00:36:45 for their nuclear program.
00:36:47 They're really good at trying
00:36:49 that can be used
00:36:52 The Iranians have worked very hard
00:36:55 at disguising
00:36:58 Many of their facilities are
00:37:00 in crowded urban areas
00:37:02 extremely well-protected
00:37:06 Tony Blair: If Iran were
00:37:09 the impact is across
00:37:12 You will get a whole set
00:37:14 deciding they've got to acquire
00:37:18 Cirincione:
00:37:22 the rivals of the Iranian Shia state
00:37:25 would match their capabilities
00:37:27 and we would go from a Middle East
00:37:28 with one nuclear-armed nation- Israel-
00:37:31 to one with three, four or five
00:37:34 Wilson:
00:37:37 very unstable regimes
00:37:40 If Iran acquires everything it needs,
00:37:42 without doubt, pieces of that
00:37:44 become more readily available
00:37:46 to terrorist organizations like Hamas.
00:37:53 Tony Blair:
00:37:56 with a regime like Iran or North Korea
00:38:00 is they are prepared to start trading
00:38:03 that nuclear weapons capability
00:38:07 Chinoy:
00:38:10 They didn't have the delivery system.
00:38:12 The North Koreans had the missile
00:38:14 and didn't have the nuclear know-how.
00:38:16 So there was a natural convergence
00:38:21 The North Koreans have
00:38:23 of selling military technology
00:38:26 to the Syrians, to the Iranians,
00:38:28 to the Iraqis, to the Pakistanis.
00:38:30 They don't really have
00:38:36 Daily life is very grim.
00:38:39 Food is in short supply.
00:38:41 You drive around
00:38:44 and it's basically dark.
00:38:46 There's a famous satellite photo
00:38:48 that shows
00:38:51 And in the South you see
00:38:53 and then it's just black.
00:38:58 Wilson:
00:39:01 his years of unchecked activity
00:39:05 And it really is
00:39:08 that cannot be easily put back.
00:39:25 Cirincione:
00:39:28 putting in radiation detectors,
00:39:31 but highly-enriched uranium
00:39:37 If you are depending
00:39:40 to defend a city
00:39:44 you have done
00:39:48 Nuclear weapons
00:39:51 don't have to be exactly on target.
00:39:54 Close is good enough.
00:39:56 If a terrorist thinks that the portal monitor
00:39:59 they set it off in the port.
00:40:03 Bunn: Highly-enriched uranium
00:40:06 The radiation is very weak.
00:40:17 The detectors
00:40:20 would have no chance of detecting
00:40:22 highly-enriched uranium
00:40:32 Cirincione: The signature
00:40:36 that they have to set the monitors
00:40:39 And so they're getting thousands
00:40:44 Toilets will set it off-
00:40:47 ceramics,
00:40:50 a lot of biological materials
00:40:52 like tobacco, some algae,
00:40:55 televisions-
00:40:58 kitty litter,
00:41:01 and a lot of other stuff also.
00:41:09 You want to smuggle
00:41:12 Ship it in a truck with kitty litter.
00:41:15 No one would ever find it.
00:41:18 Bunn:
00:41:22 like cesium or something
00:41:24 that might be used in a dirty bomb.
00:41:26 But for the stuff that you would use
00:41:29 that would incinerate
00:41:31 they're not gonna detect that.
00:41:39 Mowatt-Larssen:
00:41:42 he appeared
00:41:44 And one of the senators asked him
00:41:46 if nuclear terrorism
00:41:50 He said, "Of course.
00:41:52 Terrorists could bring a bomb
00:41:55 and destroy the city. "
00:41:57 Somebody asked him,
00:42:01 He said,
00:42:03 to open up every container
00:42:19 Jeffrey Lewis: Once you've smuggled
00:42:22 into the U.S., you will need
00:42:25 The bomb could be built
00:42:30 The hard part was
00:42:33 The hard part is doing it
00:42:37 This is no longer
00:42:39 There is no trick.
00:42:40 There is no magic that needs
00:42:43 It's really just
00:42:45 It's definitely not rocket science.
00:42:47 Rocket science is hard.
00:42:50 Glaser:
00:42:52 a so-called "gun-type" weapon
00:42:54 which was the one used
00:42:56 Lewis:
00:42:58 we didn't even test it
00:43:02 It is essentially
00:43:04 And you have a target.
00:43:07 And you propel the projectile
00:43:12 You'll need
00:43:14 to fire one piece of H.E.U.
00:43:17 which would be bolted onto
00:43:21 The military sells
00:43:24 but they sell them
00:43:26 You would have to make the gun
00:43:29 And you'd want
00:43:31 that it fired the projectile
00:43:34 This is the only thing
00:43:38 You would need
00:43:40 let's say,
00:43:43 who would be knowledgeable
00:43:46 of weapons design, of explosives.
00:43:50 Two or three people
00:43:52 two or three people to work
00:43:54 two or three people
00:43:56 people who are experts in ballistics.
00:44:00 People who know something
00:44:02 You'd need the machinists
00:44:04 to make your pieces
00:44:06 and make sure
00:44:08 Hoodbhoy:
00:44:10 maybe some electronic equipment.
00:44:13 Lewis:
00:44:14 and easily find the lathe for $10,000.
00:44:17 You can find the furnace
00:44:20 And you can even find
00:44:23 probably also for $10,000.
00:44:26 Bunn: More than 90%
00:44:30 was making the nuclear material
00:44:32 to make the nuclear bomb.
00:44:35 If you can get hold of
00:44:37 then it doesn't take
00:44:54 Mowatt-Larssen:
00:44:56 acquiring a complete bomb
00:45:00 In Algeria in 1961,
00:45:03 officers within
00:45:06 and tried to seize a nuclear weapon.
00:45:08 As the rebels closed in,
00:45:10 the weapon was detonated
00:45:13 to prevent it
00:45:15 of the rebelling officers.
00:45:17 ( explosion )
00:45:26 Mowatt-Larssen: The Japanese
00:45:29 attempted to buy a nuclear bomb
00:45:33 They had a lot of resources.
00:45:36 We're talking well over
00:45:39 And secondly,
00:45:41 At one point the group had
00:45:44 in the former Soviet Union
00:45:49 In 1994 a senior leader
00:45:52 made eight trips to Russia.
00:45:54 His personal notebook
00:45:57 for buying a nuclear warhead
00:46:03 Hoodbhoy:
00:46:05 is also a perfectly unusable one.
00:46:07 So here one has this paradox
00:46:09 between security and usability.
00:46:15 Cirincione:
00:46:17 in the world right now?
00:46:20 For my money, it is Pakistan.
00:46:22 You've got an unstable government,
00:46:24 plus enough material
00:46:27 plus Osama Bin Laden
00:46:31 ( man speaking Urdu
00:46:39 Rashid:
00:46:41 over the last two or three years
00:46:43 has been a spiral
00:46:47 destabilization,
00:46:49 the spread of radicalism,
00:46:54 So could there be
00:46:57 by Islamic radicals
00:46:59 And then could
00:47:04 Cirincione:
00:47:08 What happens if the army splits?
00:47:11 Who gets the weapons?
00:47:13 Who gets the material
00:47:15 Who gets the scientists
00:47:17 who know how to build
00:47:25 Bruce Blair:
00:47:29 and control over nuclear weapons
00:47:31 even in the most
00:47:39 From the level
00:47:42 there are human weaknesses,
00:47:44 technical problems,
00:47:46 deficiencies and vulnerabilities.
00:47:54 I was a launch officer
00:47:59 and spent three years
00:48:02 in an underground
00:48:11 I was one of the guys responsible
00:48:14 for getting these missiles
00:48:17 We didn't call them
00:48:29 When I was serving
00:48:31 in the air force
00:48:34 there was a device
00:48:37 into which 12 digits
00:48:40 in order to unlock
00:48:43 This had been installed
00:48:46 over the objections
00:48:49 Since they couldn't prevent
00:48:52 the panel from being installed,
00:48:54 the Strategic Air Command in Omaha
00:48:57 had set these codes to zero,
00:49:00 That was the secret
00:49:03 for firing our missiles-
00:49:05 12 zeros.
00:49:08 In fact,
00:49:10 we had to ensure
00:49:12 that the unlock code
00:49:15 before we completed
00:49:18 ( panel clicking )
00:49:23 This changed in 1977
00:49:26 when they started using
00:49:28 But until then,
00:49:32 could have actually formatted
00:49:35 a completely valid launch order
00:49:38 and transmitted it
00:49:40 to the entire American
00:49:43 It looks like
00:49:45 Aw hell.
00:49:48 Are the Russians involved, sir?
00:49:50 Mandrake, that's all I've been told.
00:49:51 It just came in on the red phone.
00:49:53 My orders are for this base
00:49:54 and that's what I mean to do-
00:49:56 Now I want you to transmit Plan R-
00:50:00 R for Robert- to the wing.
00:50:03 - Plan R, for Robert.
00:50:06 - It looks like it's pretty hairy.
00:50:09 Bruce Blair:
00:50:11 and thinking
00:50:13 You don't need to be a general.
00:50:16 We were only lieutenants,
00:50:18 but we could've started World War lll
00:50:20 just as easily
00:50:22 We could have triggered implementation
00:50:25 of the U.S. nuclear war plan
00:50:27 involving thousands
00:50:30 fired at the Soviet Union and China.
00:50:33 Man over speaker:
00:50:36 Alfa Tango Golf Lima.
00:50:40 Bruce Blair:
00:50:42 is really kind of Pavlovian.
00:50:44 You have been trained
00:50:47 you kind of march lockstep
00:50:49 into a very well-rehearsed script
00:50:53 that's driven by checklists.
00:50:55 Man:
00:50:58 Roger.
00:50:59 Bruce Blair:
00:51:02 take out codes...
00:51:04 ( alarm blaring )
00:51:08 ...check the codes
00:51:11 then proceed through
00:51:13 that takes about one minute
00:51:17 Man: Let's enable the missiles.
00:51:21 - Roger.
00:51:22 Online code inserted.
00:51:23 Stand by.
00:51:26 Online codes inserted.
00:51:28 - Enable switch enabled.
00:51:30 Bruce Blair:
00:51:32 the two of you turn keys
00:51:34 and launch up to 50 missiles
00:51:36 at the Soviet Union and/or China.
00:51:54 Today, the posture
00:51:58 is exactly the same
00:52:02 So if the orders went down right now,
00:52:04 20 years after the fall
00:52:08 it would take about two minutes
00:52:10 to launch all
00:52:15 out of their tubes in the Midwest,
00:52:17 about that length of time
00:52:19 for the Russians to do the same.
00:52:21 And then it would take
00:52:24 for everything else
00:52:27 to be fired...
00:52:39 so that within 15 minutes
00:52:43 all of the forces
00:52:45 would be in the air
00:52:47 on their flight to the other
00:52:50 2000 bombs,
00:52:53 strategic nuclear weapons,
00:52:56 And they could kill
00:53:00 over 100 million Russians
00:53:02 within 30 minutes.
00:53:12 Roger Molander: When we were
00:53:14 I found myself in a meeting
00:53:18 and we got into a short
00:53:20 And in the context
00:53:23 "But I don't understand
00:53:25 if there were
00:53:28 Only about 500 million
00:53:30 Life would go on aftewards. "
00:53:35 And I can remember
00:53:37 like Woody Allen
00:53:40 "I'm sorry, I've got an appointment
00:54:16 Man:
00:54:18 how many nuclear weapons
00:54:23 - I haven't got a-
00:54:27 100?
00:54:29 Maybe thousands, I don't know.
00:54:35 6,000.
00:54:39 I don't know.
00:54:41 - 20,000.
00:54:43 - 100,000.
00:54:45 There's enough nuclear firepower
00:54:49 to annihilate probably
00:54:53 I've heard people say
00:54:55 that we have enough nuclear
00:54:57 It only takes a couple
00:55:00 Do you know
00:55:07 Cirincione: We estimate that
00:55:11 in the world still.
00:55:15 The good news is
00:55:19 So we've cut those arsenals
00:55:22 But we- the United States still has
00:55:25 about 1500 hydrogen bombs
00:55:29 poised for launch
00:55:33 The really bad news is
00:55:41 Bruce Blair:
00:55:44 at the United States,
00:55:48 the first warning
00:55:52 And they could detect
00:55:54 the flame from the booster rocket
00:55:56 within seconds,
00:55:58 easily within a minute.
00:56:01 Suddenly this early-warning hub
00:56:04 in the United States
00:56:06 would become very frenzied
00:56:08 to try to figure out
00:56:10 whether this is a false alarm
00:56:12 or whether this is a real attack,
00:56:14 and determine this
00:56:21 The president would receive a briefing
00:56:26 from the duty officer
00:56:29 at Strategic Command Headquarters.
00:56:32 That briefing of the president
00:56:34 of his response options
00:56:38 has to be delivered
00:56:46 The president
00:56:48 no more than 12 minutes
00:56:50 and maybe as little as 10 seconds.
00:56:56 Jimmy Carter: I knew
00:57:00 that it would take 26 minutes
00:57:03 to leave Russian soil
00:57:05 and land in Washington
00:57:08 And I had that much time
00:57:15 ( Gorbachev speaking Russian )
00:57:37 Zbigniew Brzezinski:
00:57:40 He had just a few minutes
00:57:42 how to respond,
00:57:47 Somewhere before the 10th minute
00:57:50 the order to execute would be issued.
00:57:55 Strategic Air Command
00:57:57 probably would be
00:58:00 just as a precaution.
00:58:06 There might be
00:58:09 so that the president would survive
00:58:11 an attack on Washington,
00:58:15 although I know of cases
00:58:17 in which the president chose
00:58:21 And roughly by the 28th minute
00:58:24 at the latest,
00:58:26 those of us not evacuated
00:58:39 Bruce Blair:
00:58:42 Any missile landing
00:58:46 would probably have killed us.
00:58:48 If we had survived the attack,
00:58:51 we were supposed to go
00:58:55 Our air would only last 24 hours.
00:58:59 So we'd go out through an escape tube
00:59:02 which was filled with sand.
00:59:04 We would have to release
00:59:06 and let the sand fall through
00:59:09 and then crawl up the tube.
00:59:13 Our tube came up
00:59:16 so we would have to
00:59:22 The rendezvous point
00:59:26 and you'd have to walk.
00:59:31 Didn't really matter though.
00:59:34 Everyone knew the radiation
00:59:37 and you'd never make it
01:00:08 Cirincione:
01:00:12 the U.S. Open and Wimbledon;
01:00:15 George Clooney made
01:00:19 a bomb destroyed
01:00:23 O.J. Simpson was
01:00:27 and we also came close
01:00:29 to an accidental
01:00:35 Ira Helfand:
01:00:38 the United States launched
01:00:40 to study the northern lights.
01:00:43 We told the Russians
01:00:45 but somebody in Moscow
01:00:49 When they picked up
01:00:52 they initially interpreted this
01:00:54 as four warheads
01:00:58 which we often station
01:01:00 possibly directed at Moscow.
01:01:03 That fit exactly the characteristics
01:01:06 of the beginning of a nuclear strike:
01:01:08 One missile coming over,
01:01:10 exploding in the atmosphere
01:01:12 sending out an electromagnetic pulse
01:01:14 that would fry all the electronics-
01:01:16 radar, surveillance, computers-
01:01:18 in the country to be attacked,
01:01:20 followed by an onslaught
01:01:24 And for the first time
01:01:27 the Russians actually opened up
01:01:30 They went to President Yeltsin;
01:01:31 the command and control
01:01:34 put it on the desk and said,
01:01:37 Helfand:
01:01:39 five minutes
01:01:42 Fortunately, Yeltsin wasn't drunk
01:01:44 and he didn't believe
01:01:47 He said,
01:01:49 Both the U.S. and Russia guide
01:01:53 with a doctrine called
01:01:55 It is the policy that if you believe
01:01:58 you're supposed to launch your missiles.
01:02:01 According to Russian military doctrine,
01:02:04 Boris Yeltsin should have launched
01:02:06 on the United States that morning.
01:02:08 We don't know what happened
01:02:11 All we know is that he didn't.
01:02:19 Cirincione:
01:02:21 during the Cold War.
01:02:23 We've had occasions
01:02:27 was interpreted to be
01:02:32 A flock of geese was thought
01:02:37 A training tape was
01:02:42 at our command and control
01:02:45 Everyone involved thought
01:02:47 there was an actual attack underway.
01:02:49 Bruce Blair:
01:02:52 the early warning hub in Colorado
01:02:54 that simulated
01:02:58 And no one realized
01:03:00 that it was just a training tape
01:03:02 until the United States had gone into
01:03:05 this sort of frenzied
01:03:08 to prepare for nuclear war.
01:03:18 Airborne command posts actually
01:03:20 in some cases took off.
01:03:22 The president's doomsday plane
01:03:24 actually left its base in preparation
01:03:29 for an incoming Soviet strike.
01:03:32 Senator Charles Percy
01:03:34 happened to be there at the time
01:03:37 and said there was absolute panic.
01:03:39 ( alarm blaring )
01:03:45 Bruce Blair:
01:03:48 by a computer chip malfunction
01:03:50 that generated indications
01:03:52 of a large-scale Soviet attack.
01:03:55 We raised the alert levels.
01:03:59 Crews took launch codes
01:04:02 They inserted keys into
01:04:09 Cirincione:
01:04:11 was woken up
01:04:13 with the assured instruction
01:04:15 that a nuclear attack
01:04:17 and he had to go wake up
01:04:21 There was eight minutes' worth
01:04:23 of nuclear launch preparations
01:04:26 that were triggered
01:04:28 by a malfunctioning computer chip
01:04:31 that cost less than a dollar.
01:04:35 Frank Von Hippel: You know,
01:04:39 is an accident waiting to happen.
01:04:41 You know, as Fermi said about physics,
01:04:46 "What isn't forbidden is compulsory,"
01:04:49 will eventually happen.
01:04:52 There's nothing that makes
01:04:55 the launch
01:04:58 If the probability isn't zero,
01:05:00 it will happen.
01:05:11 ( siren blaring )
01:05:44 # Reckoner... #
01:05:56 R. Scott Kemp:
01:05:58 that is based heavily
01:06:00 you keep something secret
01:06:03 But secrecy has a half-life.
01:06:05 Things leak out.
01:06:08 Centrifuges happen to be
01:06:12 that is going to change the game.
01:06:15 They are going to democratize
01:06:18 the process of building
01:06:22 Uranium exists everywhere on earth.
01:06:26 It's more common than tin.
01:06:31 99.3% of all uranium
01:06:34 the isotope that cannot be
01:06:37 It's that 0.7% that you need
01:06:43 A centrifuge- it's basically a tube.
01:06:47 It spins the uranium
01:06:49 and it pushes
01:06:53 and the lighter atoms
01:06:55 And then you can skim off
01:07:02 And you do this over
01:07:06 many dozens of times
01:07:09 and eventually you purify it
01:07:11 to a level that you can
01:07:16 The common wisdom is
01:07:22 technologies that take
01:07:24 and are the highest achievements.
01:07:26 But the fact is that centrifuges are
01:07:28 1950s technology.
01:07:30 And this is 2010.
01:07:34 Enriching uranium is still
01:07:36 beyond the reach of the individual.
01:07:38 It's a logistical feat,
01:07:40 requiring thousands of centrifuges
01:07:42 working for months or years.
01:07:45 But highly-enriched uranium
01:07:48 is now within the grasp
01:07:51 And once you have the H.E.U.,
01:07:53 making a crude bomb is easy.
01:08:01 ( Gorbachev speaking Russian )
01:08:33 Ronald Reagan:
01:08:36 on a further increase
01:08:39 We seek instead
01:08:43 We seek the total elimination one day
01:08:47 of nuclear weapons
01:10:47 Crowd:
01:10:50 seven, six, five,
01:10:53 four, three, two, one!
01:10:57 ( crowd cheering,
01:11:01 # Somewhere #
01:11:04 # Over the rainbow #
01:11:07 # Way up high... #
01:11:12 Man:
01:11:15 # Dreams that you dream... #
01:11:18 Man #2:
01:11:21 # Once in a lullaby #
01:11:26 - # Somewhere #
01:11:29 # Over the rainbow #
01:11:33 # Bluebirds fly... #
01:11:37 Cirincione:
01:11:39 the fireball is 500' across.
01:11:42 Within 10 seconds,
01:11:44 it would grow to over one mile.
01:11:47 Helfand: The temperature
01:11:50 hotter than the surface of the sun.
01:11:52 The blast would generate winds
01:11:54 in excess of 650mph.
01:11:57 Forces of that magnitude can destroy
01:11:59 anything that people can build.
01:12:01 Cirincione: The strongest buildings
01:12:04 Tens of square blocks
01:12:06 would just be melted,
01:12:09 Helfand:
01:12:12 the buildings, the cars,
01:12:14 the trees, the people,
01:12:17 the upper level of the earth itself.
01:12:19 ( crowd continues cheering )
01:12:32 Cirincione: There were
01:12:35 70,000 of them
01:12:38 The hospitals,
01:12:40 the communication equipment
01:12:43 everything just flattened.
01:12:45 Leaning:
01:12:47 virtually everyone
01:12:51 Somewhere between
01:12:53 dead immediately
01:12:56 Cirincione:
01:12:58 to be eight or nine miles
01:13:00 then you would experience it
01:13:02 as blast effects-
01:13:05 Helfand:
01:13:07 and turn it into hundreds
01:13:09 from the center of the explosion
01:13:12 Cirincione:
01:13:14 that would just combust
01:13:16 Helfand:
01:13:18 Paper, cardboard, cloth,
01:13:20 heating oil, gasoline-
01:13:22 Oelrich:
01:13:24 Helfand: Hundreds of thousands
01:13:27 into a giant firestorm 11 miles across.
01:13:29 Oelrich: Everything catches on fire.
01:13:32 Helfand: All the oxygen would
01:13:37 Leaning:
01:13:39 will you die because
01:13:42 or because you've been blown
01:13:44 Molander:
01:13:46 of the nuclear explosion-
01:13:49 Helfand: Lungs or eardrums
01:13:51 crush injuries from buildings
01:13:54 broken bones when they've been
01:13:57 Hundreds of thousands,
01:13:59 would die from the fallout.
01:14:01 Leaning: The body does have
01:14:04 But the doses are so heavy
01:14:07 that it will overwhelm
01:14:10 The 450 to 700 RAD dose kills you
01:14:12 because it wipes out
01:14:15 Over 3000 RADs-
01:14:18 and you will die within a matter
01:14:21 Helfand:
01:14:23 Most of the nurses are
01:14:25 Most of the hospitals
01:14:27 Huge numbers of casualties
01:14:30 Leaning:
01:14:32 tens of units of blood per person.
01:14:34 Oelrich:
01:14:36 Leaning:
01:14:38 to sustain people who've been
01:14:40 Oelrich:
01:14:42 Leaning: And then at a certain point
01:14:45 it's pointless to try to make
01:14:48 The doctor in the Red Cross hospital
01:14:50 who turns into an automaton,
01:14:52 binding, swabbing, daubing,
01:14:55 binding, swabbing,
01:14:58 And that's what descended
01:15:01 in Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
01:15:03 Bunn: Someone would
01:15:06 that were already hidden somewhere
01:15:09 and they'd start setting them off
01:15:12 Molander:
01:15:14 whether they might be a target.
01:15:16 Bunn: Public panic,
01:15:19 You could forget about rules
01:15:21 You're gonna have to be
01:15:24 You can forget about civil liberties
01:15:26 when people realize
01:15:29 Cirincione: You'd take the Bill of Rights,
01:15:32 and you might never see it again.
01:15:34 People would be demanding
01:15:36 to make sure
01:16:10 Oppenheimer:
01:16:13 A few people cried.
01:16:17 Most people were silent.
01:16:22 I remembered the line
01:16:25 from the Hindu scripture,
01:16:31 Vishnu
01:16:35 is trying to persuade the prince
01:16:38 that he should do his duty
01:16:41 and to impress him
01:16:44 takes on his multiarmed form
01:16:47 and says,
01:16:50 "Now I am become Death,
01:16:52 the destroyer of worlds. "
01:17:17 John F. Kennedy:
01:17:20 lives under
01:17:24 hanging by the slenderest of threads
01:17:27 capable of being cut at any moment
01:17:30 by accident or miscalculation
01:17:34 The weapons of war
01:17:38 before they abolish us.
01:17:49 ( sirens wailing )
01:17:55 Robert McNamara:
01:17:58 the very existence of our nation.
01:18:01 We came that close to nuclear war.
01:18:07 Neither the Soviets nor we, the U.S.,
01:18:11 intended to put our nations at that risk.
01:18:14 And the next time
01:18:19 They kill by the millions.
01:18:23 that the human imagination
01:18:25 simply cannot comprehend.
01:18:28 Rev. Richard Cizik: I used to think,
01:18:31 in order to prevent their use. "
01:18:33 We now know we live in a world in which
01:18:35 if we possess them,
01:18:37 if anyone possesses them,
01:18:40 I don't see any good that a nuclear weapon
01:18:44 In my opinion, you can forget them.
01:18:46 I think they should be destroyed.
01:18:49 I think we'd be better off without 'em.
01:18:51 There's 183 countries in the world
01:18:53 that do not have nuclear weapons.
01:18:55 Many of these countries
01:18:57 They've chosen not to.
01:19:01 F.W. de Klerk:
01:19:03 to take a 180ᵒ turn in South Africa.
01:19:06 When I became president,
01:19:09 that we had completed six devices
01:19:12 more or less comparable to the bombs
01:19:15 which were actually used at Hiroshima.
01:19:17 I indicated
01:19:20 that I would like us
01:19:23 and to become part
01:19:26 Wilson:
01:19:28 the threat of nuclear terrorism
01:19:30 is to eliminate all nuclear weapons
01:19:33 We've got to ensure that never once
01:19:36 do terrorists succeed
01:19:38 in detonating a nuclear weapon.
01:19:40 Thomas D'Agostino:
01:19:43 it's all about the material.
01:19:45 The simple physical fact is
01:19:47 that if you don't have
01:19:50 either highly-enriched uranium
01:19:53 then you cannot have
01:19:55 The focus is all about the material.
01:19:59 Stop making new material.
01:20:01 Secure the material where
01:20:05 And make sure that you detect
01:20:08 And then start getting rid
01:20:11 Glaser: Today in the world
01:20:15 So that's enough material
01:20:18 on the order of
01:20:20 and to really create
01:20:22 a truly international system
01:20:25 Sagan:
01:20:27 or international reprocessing centers-
01:20:29 that'd be a much safer world.
01:20:31 We haven't lost an ounce
01:20:34 We shouldn't lose
01:20:36 or highly-enriched uranium.
01:20:39 Bruce Blair:
01:20:41 in the value of nuclear weapons
01:20:45 20 years after the fall
01:20:48 there's no excuse any longer
01:20:50 for keeping nuclear weapons
01:20:53 We can remove
01:20:55 all of the warheads on our missiles,
01:20:57 share our safeguards technology
01:21:00 and establish a joint warning center
01:21:03 to ensure nuclear war
01:21:07 Richard Burt: When I came
01:21:11 the idea that within about 10 years
01:21:14 both sides would have agreed
01:21:16 to a 50% reduction
01:21:19 would have sounded absurd.
01:21:22 That means a reduction
01:21:24 of more than 5,000
01:21:29 We have gone almost 20 years now
01:21:32 without any really demonstrative steps
01:21:36 to nuclear reductions.
01:21:38 Cirincione:
01:21:43 That's how we did it
01:21:46 These weapons are now taboo.
01:21:50 James Baker lll: The Soviet Union
01:21:53 And we actually got
01:21:56 where we got Belarus,
01:21:59 to give up their nuclear weapons.
01:22:02 All countries in the world have to sign
01:22:04 a legally binding,
01:22:07 intrusively verifiable agreement
01:22:09 to rid the world of nuclear weapons.
01:22:11 Burt:
01:22:14 eliminating nuclear weapons
01:22:15 or living in a world
01:22:19 We can do this.
01:22:21 There has to be
01:22:23 a carefully orchestrated
01:22:26 The United States and Russia,
01:22:28 with 96% of the world's
01:22:30 have to lead the way.
01:22:32 Cirincione:
01:22:34 where there are 23,000
01:22:36 The very first step is
01:22:38 to cut those arsenals dramatically
01:22:41 in the United States and Russia.
01:22:43 Once you get down to
01:22:46 then you will have built up
01:22:49 to ensure that you can
01:22:53 so that we can get rid
01:22:54 - None.
01:22:57 I say zero.
01:23:03 - Never have it.
01:23:11 - None.
01:23:12 - Zero.
01:23:14 No nuclear weapons. Zero.
01:23:16 - Zero.
01:23:18 No country should have them.
01:23:20 The optimum number is none.
01:23:22 Ideal will be zero.
01:23:23 Zero nuclear weapons.
01:23:25 Nol. Nol.
01:23:43 We've taken important steps foward
01:23:45 to increase nuclear security
01:23:47 and to stop the spread
01:23:49 This starts with the reduction
01:23:51 of our own nuclear arsenals.
01:23:53 This legally binding treaty
01:23:56 will be completed this year.
01:23:58 Burt:
01:24:02 between the United States
01:24:05 you'd think these were
01:24:07 taken by governments.
01:24:09 But the fact is, public opinion
01:24:12 had a big role to play
01:24:15 Cirincione:
01:24:17 after he passed
01:24:19 and whenever he mentioned it
01:24:22 he got thunderous applause.
01:24:24 And he quipped,
01:24:27 I would have done it
01:24:29 McNamara:
01:24:32 has not yet been agreed to
01:24:34 by the political leaders
01:24:37 It's a revolutionary idea,
01:24:45 Cizik:
01:24:48 And if we can't change
01:24:50 we won't survive.
01:24:54 I've changed my thinking,
01:24:57 and millions and millions
01:24:59 And frankly, if you've never
01:25:02 I say, you know, pinch yourself.
01:25:06 ( rock music playing )
01:25:11 # Hey hey hey #
01:25:21 # When something's dark #
01:25:24 # Let me shed a little light on it #
01:25:26 # When something's cold #
01:25:28 # Let me put a little fire on it #
01:25:31 # If something's old #
01:25:33 # I wanna put a bit of shine on it #
01:25:35 # When something's gone #
01:25:38 # I wanna fight to get it back again #
01:25:41 # Yeah yeah yeah yeah #
01:25:45 # Fight to get it back again #
01:25:48 # Yeah yeah yeah yeah yeah #
01:25:53 # When something's broke #
01:25:55 # I wanna put a bit of fixin' on it #
01:25:58 # When something's bored #
01:26:00 # I wanna put a little exciting on it #
01:26:03 # If something's low #
01:26:05 # I wanna put a little high on it #
01:26:07 # When something's lost #
01:26:10 # I wanna fight to get it back again #
01:26:13 # Yeah yeah yeah yeah #
01:26:16 # Fight to get it back again #
01:26:19 # Yeah yeah yeah yeah yeah #
01:26:24 # When signals cross #
01:26:27 # I wanna put a little straight on it #
01:26:29 # If there's no love #
01:26:31 # I wanna try to love again #
01:26:36 # I'll say your prayers #
01:26:39 # I'll take your side #
01:26:42 # I'll find us a way #
01:26:46 # To make light #
01:26:49 # I'll dig your grave #
01:26:52 # We'll dance and sing #
01:26:55 # What's saved could be #
01:26:57 # One last lifetime #
01:27:05 # Hey hey hey #
01:27:09 # Ah-ah ah-ah #
01:27:11 # Ah-ah ah-ah, ah-ah ah-ah #
01:27:16 # When something's dark #
01:27:18 # Let me shed a little light on it #
01:27:21 # When something's cold #
01:27:23 # Let me put a little fire on it #
01:27:25 # If something's old #
01:27:27 # I wanna put a bit of shine on it #
01:27:30 # When something's gone #
01:27:32 # I wanna fight to get it back again #
01:27:36 # Yeah yeah yeah yeah #
01:27:39 # Fight to get it back again #
01:27:42 # Yeah yeah yeah yeah yeah #
01:27:47 # When something's broke #
01:27:50 # I wanna put a bit of fixin' on it #
01:27:52 # When something's bored #
01:27:54 # I wanna put a little exciting on it #
01:27:57 # If something's low #
01:27:59 # I wanna put a little high on it #
01:28:02 # When something's lost #
01:28:04 # I wanna fight to get it back again #
01:28:07 # Yeah yeah yeah yeah #
01:28:10 # Fight to get it back again #
01:28:14 # Yeah yeah yeah yeah #
01:28:17 # Fight to get it back again #
01:28:20 # Yeah yeah yeah #
01:28:23 # Fight to get it back again #
01:28:27 # Yeah yeah yeah #
01:28:29 # Fight to get it back again #
01:28:33 # Yeah yeah yeah yeah yeah #
01:28:39 # Yeah yeah yeah yeah yeah. #